ArticleNeurology. Clinical practice2025
Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Neurosarcoidosis: A Delphi Survey of Experts Across the United States.
Article in Neurology. Clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Systemic Sarcoidosis With Neurosarcoidosis and Obstructive Hydrocephalus: A Radiologic-Pathologic Case Report.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- Nonsteroid treatment options in (pulmonary) sarcoidosis. When to consider and why?Current opinion in pulmonary medicine · 2026Review
- Spinal Cord Involvement in Neurosarcoidosis: A Case of Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis at Disease Onset.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Redefining Cardiac Sarcoidosis with Advanced Imaging and Therapeutic Strategies.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Review
- Isolated cerebellopontine angle neurosarcoidosis mimicking meningioma: a diagnostic pitfall. Illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- A paradigm shift in corticosteroid therapy for sarcoidosis: a World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders Position Paper, endorsed by the Americas Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study of Neurosarcoidosis Myelitis: Current Observations and Future Directions.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Neurosarcoidosis in Critical Care, Internal, and Pulmonary Medicine: A Practical Approach.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Neurosarcoidosis: a review from diagnosis and future perspectives.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Neurosarcoidosis-induced panhypopituitarism with diabetes insipidus and subclinical multifocal pneumonitis in a young woman: A rare case report and literature review.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Neurosarcoidosis presenting as possible normal pressure hydrocephalus in a 71-year-old man.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- The Collapse of Brain Clearance: Glymphatic-Venous Failure, Aquaporin-4 Breakdown, and AI-Empowered Precision Neurotherapeutics in Intracranial Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Rituximab in pathologically confirmed sarcoidosis affecting the central nervous system: a multi-center retrospective study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Treatment of Neurosarcoidosis in Northern Spain.Biomedicines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Neurosarcoidosis poses a diagnostic and management challenge due to its rarity, phenotypic variability, and lack of randomized controlled studies to guide treatment selection. Recommendations for management based on expert opinion are useful in clinical practice and provide a framework for designing prospective studies. Methods: In this Delphi survey study, specialists with experience in managing patients with neurosarcoidosis were invited to anonymously complete 2 surveys about key elements of evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and long-term management of neurosarcoidosis. Expert consensus recommendations were adopted if >80% threshold of agreement was reached. Results: Of the 41 invited expert clinicians across the United States, 32 (78%) participated in the study. All round 1 respondents self-identified as neuroimmunologists (except for 1 pulmonologist). Consensus was reached regarding the need to consider neurosarcoidosis phenotype and severity to guide the choice of initial immunosuppression in both the acute (relapse) and maintenance phases. Experts endorsed the use of TNF-α inhibitors as first-line agents in selected phenotypes with poor prognosis. Neuroimaging was recommended to complement clinical surveillance for treatment response. Discussion: There was agreement on several key issues, most importantly on the need to consider neurosarcoidosis phenotype and severity when deciding initial treatment. No consensus was achieved on the dosing and duration of specific immunosuppressants, nor regarding the management of the peripheral nervous system manifestation of neurosarcoidosis. These topics warrant further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.