Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39829600›Full record

ArticleACS omega2025

Low-Cost Silicon from Natural Sand with Tunable Oxygen Content and Its Effects on the Electrochemical Properties of Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes.

Zehua Lin, Pei Sun, Chengshang Zhou, Zhigang Zak Fang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Oxygen Content in SiOACS omega · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zehua LinDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0114, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-6297
Pei SunDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0114, United States.
Chengshang ZhouDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0114, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-6618
Zhigang Zak FangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0114, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-6412

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is recognized as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the significant volume expansion during lithiation poses a make-or-break challenge for the commercial adoption of silicon as an anode. The solutions to mitigate the challenge often depend on processes that can increase costs for the LIB. Here, we demonstrate a magnesiothermic reduction process that uses low-cost natural sand as the raw material to produce battery-grade silicon with a high conversion rate of ∼98%. The magnesiothermic reduction process can produce Si products with varying oxygen content depending on certain process parameters, including the Mg:Si molar ratios and temperature. Therefore, we also investigated the effect of the oxygen content on electrochemical performance as an anode. The results show that the initial discharge capacity and initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) decrease linearly with increasing oxygen content. In contrast, the capacity retention and the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (

Identifiers

PMID39829600
PMCPMC11739965

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.