Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39827884›Full record

ReviewLancet (London, England)2025

Radiotherapy toxicities: mechanisms, management, and future directions.

Ioannis I Verginadis, Deborah E Citrin, Bonnie Ky, Steven J Feigenberg, Alexandros G Georgakilas, Christine E Hill-Kayser, Constantinos Koumenis, Amit Maity, Jeffrey D Bradley, Alexander Lin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Lancet (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Mucosal Margin Shrinkage in Oral Cavity Cancer: A Systematic Review.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. Materials today. Bio · 2026
    Article
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  9. Self-rolling film foriScience · 2026
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31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ioannis I VerginadisDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: vioannis@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Deborah E CitrinRadiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Bonnie KyDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Steven J FeigenbergDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alexandros G GeorgakilasDepartment of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Christine E Hill-KayserDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cancer Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Constantinos KoumenisDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Amit MaityDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Jeffrey D BradleyDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alexander LinDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Funding

Translational Studies in FLASH Particle RadiotherapyP01CA257904 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Mary E. Putt · 2022 to 2026
$14.2M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA257904
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For over a century, radiotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment. Technological advancements aim to deliver high doses to tumours with increased precision while minimising off-target effects to organs at risk. Despite advancements such as image-guided, high-precision radiotherapy delivery, long-term toxic effects on healthy tissues remain a great clinical challenge. In this Review, we summarise common mechanisms driving acute and long-term side-effects and discuss monitoring strategies for radiotherapy survivors. We explore ways to mitigate toxic effects through novel technologies and proper patient selection and counselling. Additionally, we address policies and management strategies to minimise the severity and impact of toxicity during and after treatment. Finally, we examine the potential advantages of emerging technologies and innovative approaches to improve conformity, accuracy, and minimise off-target effects.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsRadiation InjuriesRadiotherapyHumans

Identifiers

PMID39827884
PMCPMC12758832

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.