ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2025
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Division of Household Labor Among Women Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Priorities to Support the Home-Life of Women Physicians: A Scoping Review and Key Informant Interviews.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 increased the burden of childcare on parents, leaving women vulnerable to increased disparities in the division of domestic labor. Women healthcare workers may be at heightened risk of worsening gender parity in the workplace as a result.
objectiveTo examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender parity in the division of household responsibilities among women healthcare workers.
designCross-sectional survey assessing changes in the workplace and changes in the balance of domestic duties with partners via multiple open-ended and Likert-scale type questions. Data were analyzed descriptively, including thematic analysis of free-text responses.
participantsThis survey study included 1459 women healthcare workers and 244 of their partners. MAIN MEASURES: Primary outcomes were levels of responsibility for domestic labor, including housework, childcare, and child education. Free-text questions focused on the impact of household responsibilities on the workplace. KEY
resultsIn total, 1459 healthcare workers identifying as women responded to this survey. Of them, 655 (45%) practice in an academic setting, and 1025 (70%) are physicians. Additionally, 244 self-identifying partners of women healthcare workers responded; the majority were men (204 [84%]), and over one-third (91 [38%]) work in healthcare. Among respondents overall, women reported doing most of the housework (52% of respondents [756/1459] versus 27% of partners [61/244]) and child education, compared with their partners (31% of respondents [451/1459] versus 23% of partners [55/244]). Thematic analysis of free-text questions revealed that women experienced worsened gender parity in the workplace because of increased household responsibilities.
conclusionsWe observed significant gender-based disparities in the division of household labor among healthcare workers, with negative impacts on work performance, focus, and academic productivity. Our results support the notion that the COVID-19 pandemic worsened gender parity in the homes of healthcare workers, thus negatively affecting gender parity in the medical workplace.
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