Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39824965›Full record

ArticleNature materials2025

Organic solar cells with 20.82% efficiency and high tolerance of active layer thickness through crystallization sequence manipulation.

Haiyang Chen, Yuting Huang, Rui Zhang, Hongyu Mou, Junyuan Ding, Jiadong Zhou, Zukun Wang, Hongxiang Li, Weijie Chen, Juan Zhu and 10 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed.

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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Haiyang ChenLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-0631
Yuting HuangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Rui ZhangDepartment of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-5832
Hongyu MouLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Junyuan DingLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Jiadong ZhouInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Zukun WangDepartment of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Hongxiang LiCollege of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3951-1484
Weijie ChenLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Juan ZhuLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Qinrong ChengLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hao GuLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1603-704X
Xiaoxiao WuLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Tianjiao ZhangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Yingyi WangLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Haiming ZhuDepartment of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-9054
Zengqi XieInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-840X
Feng GaoDepartment of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-1740
Yaowen LiLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China. ywli@suda.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-582X
Yongfang LiLaboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2565-2748

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2023M732530National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22075194National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22309129National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52273188National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52325307
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Printing of large-area solar panels necessitates advanced organic solar cells with thick active layers. However, increasing the active layer thickness typically leads to a marked drop in the power conversion efficiency. Here we developed an organic semiconductor regulator, called AT-β2O, to tune the crystallization sequence of the components in active layers. When adding AT-β2O in the donor (D18-Cl) and acceptor (N3) blend, N3 crystallizes behind D18-Cl, and this phenomenon is different from the co-crystallization observed in binary D18-Cl:N3 blends. This manipulation of crystallization dynamics is favourable to form bulk-heterojunction-gradient vertical phase separation in the active layer accompanied by the high crystallinity of the acceptor and balanced charge carrier mobilities in thick films. The resultant single-junction organic solar cells exhibited a certified power conversion efficiency of over 20%, as well as demonstrated exceptional adaptability across the active layer thicknesses (100-400 nm) and remarkable universality. Such breakthroughs enable large-area modules with a certified power conversion efficiency of 18.04%.

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.