ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2025
Conformational Antibodies to Proteolipid Protein-1 and Its Peripheral Isoform DM20 in Patients With CNS Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders.
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antibody-Dependent Cellular Phagocytosis and Cytotoxicity in Patients With LGI1 and CASPR2 Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Subclinical neurovascular and immune correlates of post-COVID-19 syndrome detected by retinal imaging.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- MOGAD-Like Encephalitic Syndromes Without MOG Antibodies in Children.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Characteristic patterns of complement deposition in NMOSD, MOGAD, and MS.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- Conformational Antibodies to Proteolipid Protein-1 and Its Peripheral Isoform DM20 in Patients With CNS Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
45 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesAntibodies to proteolipid protein-1 (PLP1-IgG), a major central myelin protein also expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) as the isoform DM20, have been previously identified mostly in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with unclear clinical implications. However, most studies relied on nonconformational immunoassays and included few patients with non-MS CNS autoimmune demyelinating disorders (ADDs). We aimed to investigate conformational PLP1-IgG in the whole ADD spectrum.
methodsWe devised a new live cell-based assay (CBA) for PLP1-IgG and used it to test 2 cohorts (retrospective exploratory, n = 284; prospective validation, n = 824) of patients with ADDs and controls (n = 177). Patients were classified as MS, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and other ADDs. PLP1-IgG-positive samples were tested for IgG subclasses, DM20-IgG, and on rat brain tissue-based assay (TBA). Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) was assessed on a live CBA and antigen specificity and conformational binding through immunoadsorption/colocalization/fixation experiments.
resultsPLP1-IgG were found in 0 of 177 controls and 42 of 1104 patients with ADDs mainly diagnosed as other ADDs (19/42) with frequent myelitis/encephalomyelitis (14/19) and coexisting PNS involvement (13/19). Four of 19 patients with other ADDs fulfilled the seronegative NMOSD criteria. PLP1-IgG were also found in patients with MOGAD (11/42), more frequently with PNS involvement ( DISCUSSION: Conformational PLP1-IgG predominantly identify patients with non-MS ADDs. They should be tested mainly in those with CNS + PNS ADD, coherently with DM20-IgG coreactivity. PLP1-IgG could also be investigated as disease modifiers and prognostic markers in MS and MOGAD. Preliminary evidence supports their pathogenic potential.
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