ArticleCureus2024
Evaluation of Cognitive and Synaptic Restoration in Diabetic Rats Treated With Emblica officinalis, Clitoria ternatea, Vitamin C, and Metformin.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetes is known to cause cognitive impairments and synaptic dysfunction. This study investigates the effects of
methodsThe Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory at four time points (Days 1, 3, 14, and 21). SYN was measured using optical density to assess SYN expression. Eight experimental groups were included: Non-diabetic Control, Diabetic Control, Diabetic + EO, Diabetic + CT, Diabetic + Vitamin C, Diabetic + Metformin, Non-diabetic + EO, and Non-diabetic + CT.
resultsOn Day 1, the Diabetic Control group exhibited significantly longer latency times, indicating cognitive impairment. Diabetic + EO and Diabetic + CT showed the most significant improvements in cognitive performance compared to other diabetic groups, while Diabetic + Vitamin C and Diabetic + Metformin were less effective. On Day 3, cognitive performance in the diabetic groups improved, but none reached the level of Non-diabetic controls. On Day 14, EO and CT were again the most effective in reducing latency times, followed by Metformin. By Day 21, EO and CT showed significant improvements in cognitive function, with Metformin outperforming Vitamin C. SYN expression was significantly higher in the Non-diabetic + CT and Non-diabetic + EO groups, and these treatments also enhanced SYN expression in diabetic rats, with Metformin showing the greatest improvement.
conclusionThe results suggest that EO and CT offer significant therapeutic potential for mitigating cognitive deficits and enhancing SYN in diabetic animals. Although metformin also improved cognitive function and SYN, it exhibited the most robust restorative effects. These findings highlight the potential of herbal treatments like EO and CT for managing cognitive dysfunction in diabetes.
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