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Enhancing AI Chatbot Responses in Health Care: The SMART Prompt Structure in Head and Neck Surgery.
Article in OTO open. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the Accuracy of ChatGPT-4o in Addressing Complex Clinical Questions Based on NCCN Guidelines for Rectal Adenocarcinoma.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- AI chatbots for health information seeking among Chinese patients with precancerous ENT lesions: a descriptive qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Prompt engineering shapes diagnostic accuracy and explanation quality of LLM in oral lesion diagnosis: a prospective, expert-blinded benchmark study.Odontology · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence chatbots in oral pathology: a scoping review of applications, accuracy, and limitations.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence analysis of minimally invasive surgery data.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Review
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- Prompt-dependent performance of multimodal AI model in oral diagnosis: a comprehensive analysis of accuracy, narrative quality, calibration, and latency versus human experts.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- Diagnostic Performance of ChatGPT-4o in Analyzing Oral Mucosal Lesions: A Comparative Study with Experts.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- The role of ChatGPT-4o in differential diagnosis and management of vertigo-related disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Scoping review of deep learning research illuminates artificial intelligence chasm in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of prompt construction on the quality of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot responses in the context of head and neck surgery. Study Design: Observational and evaluative study. Setting: An international collaboration involving 16 researchers from 11 European centers specializing in head and neck surgery. Methods: A total of 24 questions, divided into clinical scenarios, theoretical questions, and patient inquiries, were developed. These questions were entered into ChatGPT-4o both with and without the use of a structured prompt format, known as SMART (Seeker, Mission, AI Role, Register, Targeted Question). The AI-generated responses were evaluated by experienced head and neck surgeons using the Quality Analysis of Medical Artificial Intelligence instrument (QAMAI), which assesses accuracy, clarity, relevance, completeness, source quality, and usefulness. Results: The responses generated using the SMART prompt scored significantly higher across all QAMAI dimensions compared to those without contextualized prompts. Median QAMAI scores for SMART prompts were 27.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 25-29) versus 24 (IQR 21.8-25) for unstructured prompts ( Conclusion: This study suggests that the structured SMART prompt format significantly enhances the quality of AI chatbot responses in head and neck surgery. This approach improves the accuracy, relevance, and completeness of AI-generated information, underscoring the importance of well-constructed prompts in clinical applications. Further research is warranted to explore the applicability of SMART prompts across different medical specialties and AI platforms.
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