ReviewProgress in rehabilitation medicine2025
Therapeutic Intervention for Trunk Control Impairments in Central Nervous System Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Methods and Efficacy.
Review in Progress in rehabilitation medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on neurological function, balance, and quality of life in patients with parkinson's disease.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Trunk control involves multiple brain regions related to motor control systems. Therefore, patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders frequently exhibit impaired trunk control, decreasing their activities of daily living (ADL). Although some therapeutic interventions for trunk impairments have been effective, their general effects on CNS disorders remain unclear. This review aimed to clarify this issue in patients with stroke, cerebellar ataxia, and Parkinson's disease (PD), representing trunk control impairment by lesions in the cortical and corticospinal systems, cerebellum, and basal ganglia, respectively. Methods: Using online databases, we searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of therapeutic interventions for trunk impairments in patients with stroke, cerebellar ataxia, and PD, reported in English from 2013 to 2023. Results: Overall, 50 articles were reviewed. Core-stability exercise (CSE), which activates the trunk muscles, specifically in the lumbar and pelvic areas, through postural adjustment tasks, is effective in patients with stroke, cerebellar ataxia, and PD. Weight-shifting exercise, unstable surface training, training with transcutaneous electrical stimulation, and noninvasive brain stimulation have been effective in patients following stroke. The combination of CSE with task-oriented training based on daily activities has been effective in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Perceptual training, repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation, and aquatic training effectively improved alignment and balance function in patients with PD. Conclusions: This review provides evidence-based strategies to improve trunk control, ADL, and quality of life for patients with trunk control impairments caused by CNS disorders.
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Registered trials
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