Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39821794›Full record

ArticleTransfusion2025

Associations between blood donors, component modifications, and the alloimmunization of transfusion recipients.

Han Yu, Matthew S Karafin, Christopher Anthony Tormey, Ruchika Goel, Bryan Ross Spencer, Jeanne E Hendrickson, Ronald George Hauser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transfusion, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Immunology of Transfusion Medicine: Past, Present, and Future.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Han YuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Matthew S KarafinDepartment of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Christopher Anthony TormeyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2245
Ruchika GoelDepartment of Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Bryan Ross SpencerAmerican Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Dedham, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9008-9154
Jeanne E HendricksonDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-3132
Ronald George HauserDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-7162

Funding

Donor and unit factors associated with recipient RBC alloimmunization formationR21HL165306 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HAUSER, RONALD G. · 2022 to 2023
$251k
NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL165306NIH HHS R21HL165306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrior studies have evaluated transfusion recipient variables impacting red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization, but few focused on potentially modifiable blood donor or blood component variables. STUDY DESIGN AND

methodsData from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study (REDS)-III, which links donor, component, and patient data in an integrated database, were accessed. For any given RBC unit with sufficient blood donor and component data, we determined if the transfusion recipient experienced a new RBC alloimmunization event ("case") within 16 weeks of the transfusion or not ("control"). Recipient diagnoses were included in the case-control matching algorithm.

resultsA total of 2676 cases were matched with 10,160 controls. In a multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, recipients who received an RBC unit from donors with a different ABO group had a higher risk of alloimmunization (OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.35-1.89, p < .001). Likewise, recipients who received RBCs from older donors had a higher risk of RBC alloimmunization (OR 1.01 per year of age, 95% CI: 1.00-1.01, p < .001). Irradiated RBCs were associated with a decreased risk of RBC alloimmunization in transfusion recipients (OR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.46-0.59, p < .001), though a sub-analysis of RBCs transfused to people with sickle cell disease showed no such association (p = .75). Recipients who received RBCs stored for a longer duration also had a lower risk (OR 0.99 per day of storage, 95% CI: 0.99-0.99, p < .001) of alloimmunization. DISCUSSION: This case-control study identified donor and component variables associated with recipient RBC alloantibody formation. Future mechanistic studies exploring these associations are warranted.

Indexed as

Blood DonorsBlood Group IncompatibilityErythrocytesErythrocyte TransfusionIsoantibodiesTransfusion ReactionABO Blood-Group SystemAdolescentAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultABO Blood-Group SystemIsoantibodiesdonorshematology—red cellsRBC transfusion

Identifiers

PMID39821794
PMCPMC11968087

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.