Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39821675›Full record

ReviewDer Nervenarzt2025

[Mechanisms of action of antidepressive pharmacotherapy: brain and mind-body and environment].

Moritz Spangemacher, Jonathan Reinwald, Hana Adolphi, Laura Kärtner, Lea J Mertens, Christian N Schmitz, Gerhard Gründer

Abstract readEnglish AbstractReview
In one paragraph

Review in Der Nervenarzt, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Moritz SpangemacherAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland. MoritzWilliam.Spangemacher@zi-mannheim.de.
Jonathan ReinwaldKlinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Hana AdolphiAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Laura KärtnerAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Lea J MertensAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Christian N SchmitzAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Gerhard GründerAbteilung für Molekulares Neuroimaging, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNovel antidepressive substances are challenging the explanations for the mechanisms of action of traditional psychopharmacology.

objectiveWhat could be the shared effects of various antidepressants and in this context what role do extrapharmacological factors, such as the body and environment, play? MATERIAL AND

methodThe available literature on clinical and preclinical data for assumed combined active factors of serotonergic psychedelic drugs, (es)ketamine, monoaminergic antidepressants and zuranolone are presented and the influence of context factors on the individual mechanisms of action is discussed.

resultsThere are many indications that classical and novel pharmacological approaches could share similar mechanisms of action in the treatment of depression. These mechanisms favor long-term neuroplasticity, which can trigger subsequent molecular cascades and vice versa. Furthermore, an improvement in the negative bias in emotional processing could be detected for most antidepressive substances. The influence of extrapharmacological factors appears to be necessary so that the biopsychological alterations can have an antidepressive effect.

conclusionInstead of attributing factors such as environment, body and social interaction to placebo effects, they should be tested as essential components of the antidepressive effect and considered in the clinical practice.

Indexed as

Antidepressive AgentsBrainDepressionDepressive DisorderEnvironmentHallucinogensHumansKetamineNeuronal PlasticityAntidepressive AgentsHallucinogensKetamineAntidepressantsContextEnvironmentExtrapharmacological factorsNeuroplasticity

Identifiers

PMID39821675
PMCPMC11876238

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.