Observational studyMycoses2025
Imported Systemic Endemic Mycoses in Spain 1997-2021: An Analysis of a National Hospital Database.
Observational study in Mycoses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hospitalizations for schistosomiasis in Spain by sex: a population-based study using the national hospital discharge database (2016-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Three Decades of Use of the Minimum Basic Data Set in Infectious Disease Research in Spain: A Scoping Review with an Evidence-Mapping Approach.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSystemic endemic mycoses are systemic fungal infections typically found in tropical and subtropical regions. Their global incidence is rising, including in nonendemic countries, mainly due to migration and international travel. They are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to analyse incidence trends of endemic mycoses and their presentation in hospitalised patients in Spain from 1997 to 2021.
methodsThis retrospective, observational study drew data from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. We used the diagnostic codes of the 9th and 10th International Classification of Diseases for histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and talaromycosis, retrieving systemic endemic mycoses cases from the national public registry.
resultsOver the study period, 646 cases of histoplasmosis, 138 of coccidioidomycosis, 47 of paracoccidioidomycosis and 24 talaromycosis were reported, with a rising number of cases annually, driven mainly by an increase in histoplasmosis. A segmented linear regression predictive model with a 10-year forecast showed a steady increase, reaching 128 hospitalisations (95% confidence interval [CI] 87-168) in Spain in 2031. Overall, in-hospital mortality was 10.9%, higher in histoplasmosis (11.3%) and coccidioidomycosis (10.9%) and independently associated with immunosuppression for both histoplasmosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.28, 95% CI 1.72-6.24; p < 0.001) and coccidioidomycosis (aOR 4.05, 95% CI 1.22-13.44; p = 0.022).
conclusionsHospitalisations for systemic endemic mycoses, especially histoplasmosis, are on the rise in Spain. Mortality is significant and primarily associated with immunosuppression. This trend is expected to continue in the coming years, underscoring the importance of maintaining hospital-based surveillance of endemic mycoses in nonendemic regions.
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