ArticleAnnals of botany2025
Ancient reticulation, incomplete lineage sorting and the evolution of the pyrenoid at the dawn of hornwort diversification.
Article in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phylogenomic and evolutionary analysis of arrowhead (iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- Evolutionary history of sex and accessory chromosomes in hornworts.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Molecular and morphological insights intoPhytoKeys · 2025Article
- PhytoKeys · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsResolving the phylogeny of hornworts is critical in understanding the evolution of key morphological characters that are unique to the group, including the pyrenoid. Extensive phylogenomic analyses have revealed unexpected complexities in the placement of Leiosporoceros, the previously identified sister taxon to other hornworts. We explore the role of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and ancient reticulation in resolving interrelationships and understanding the diversification and evolutionary processes within hornworts.
methodsUsing the GoFlag probe set, we sequenced 405 exons representing 234 nuclear genes, sampling 79 hornwort specimens, including representatives of all hornwort genera. We inferred the species phylogeny from gene tree analyses using concatenated and coalescence approaches, assessed ancient reticulation and ILS, and estimated the timing of divergences based on fossil calibrations. KEY
resultsExtreme levels of gene tree incongruence challenge the sister relationship of Leiosporoceros to other hornworts. This phylogenetic discordance is due to ILS and ancient reticulation, the latter revealed using a network approach to identify evidence of gene flow among hornwort lineages. Hornwort diversification began in the Carboniferous with widespread family-level divergences during the mid-Cretaceous and Palaeogene.
conclusionsILS and ancient reticulation are identified as important in hornwort evolution. Patterns of hornwort diversification parallel those in other plants groups (e.g. liverworts, mosses, ferns and gymnosperms). Two scenarios on pyrenoid evolution are plausible based on the variable position of the pyrenoid-free Leiosporoceros. Pyrenoids were retained from a green algal ancestor and are plesiomorphic, or they evolved in response to the substantial drop in atmospheric CO2 levels during the Carboniferous as has been hypothesized in other photosynthetic organisms. Both hypotheses require losses and gains during hornwort speciation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.