ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2025
Exosomes in Autoimmune Diseases: A Review of Mechanisms and Diagnostic Applications.
Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exosomes in precision dermatology: From biomarkers to targeted therapeutics in personalized care.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Review
- Cell-Specific Extracellular Vesicles Targeting Strategies for Immune Modulation in Inflammatory Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Protective effects of skin-derived precursor cell exosomes against UVB-induced skin photodamage.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles of Streptococcus anginosus Mediate Gastritis via Epithelial Barrier Disruption and Macrophage-driven Inflammation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Core-shell microneedles with MMP/pH-triggered release for periodontitis bone repair.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Clinical Applications of Extracellular Vesicles: Promises and Pitfalls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exosomal immune decoy integrates cfDNA scavenging and mTOR inhibition for synergistic lupus nephritis therapy.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-mediated immunomodulation and targeted delivery: breakthroughs and challenges in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles at the immune-metabolic crossroads of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exosome Therapy for Livedoid Vasculitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2026Article
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging biotherapeutic agents and delivery vehicles for rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from preclinical models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Human Blood Exosomes: Isolation and Characterization Methods, Variability, and the Need for Standardized Protocols-A Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Exosomes in Autoimmunity: Mediators of Autoantigen Presentation and Targets for Therapeutic Intervention in Autoimmune Diseases.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Streptococcus anginosus Aggravate Lupus Nephritis by Triggering TLR2-MyD88-NF-κB Signalling in NK Cells.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Exosomal non-coding RNAs: gatekeepers of inflammation in autoimmune disease.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Review
- Exploring Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights and Biomarker Discovery Potential.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cell types, have emerged as key players in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. These vesicles serve as mediators of intercellular communication, facilitating the transfer of bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleotide. In autoimmune diseases, exosomes have been implicated in modulating immune responses, oxidative stress, autophagy, gut microbes, and the cell cycle, contributing to disease initiation, progression, and immune dysregulation. Recent advancements in exosome isolation techniques and their molecular characterization have paved the way for exploring their clinical potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which exosomes influence autoimmune disease development and their potential clinical applications, particularly in diagnosis. The role of exosomes in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), is discussed in relation to their involvements in antigen presentation, T-cell activation, and the induction of inflammatory pathways. Additionally, exosome-based biomarkers offer promising non-invasive diagnostic tools for early diagnostic, disease monitoring, and therapeutic response assessment. However, challenges such as standardization of exosome isolation protocols and validation of their clinical significance remain. This review highlights the potential of exosomes as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the need for further research to overcome current limitations and fully harness their clinical value.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.