ArticleEuropean heart journal2025
Long-term pulse pressure trajectories and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: the Tromsø Study.
Article in European heart journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early differentiation between paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation based on interpretable machine learning: a multicenter retrospective study.BioData mining · 2026Article
- Trajectories of blood pressure measures and the incidence of electrocardiographic abnormalities: a worker-based cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Low admission pulse pressure and increased in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Age-Dependent Associations Between Pulse Pressure and Long-Term Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsSex-based differences in the association of long-term trends in pulse pressure with future risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been explored using data from the population-based Tromsø Study 1986-2016.
methodsWomen (n = 8331) and men (n = 7638) aged ≥20 years who attended at least two of the three Tromsø Study surveys conducted between 1986 and 2001 (the exposure period) were followed up for incident AF throughout 2016 (the follow-up period). Pulse pressure ≥60 mmHg was considered elevated. Group-based trajectory modelling and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses.
resultsThree long-term trajectory groups for pulse pressure were identified: Group 1 had normal pulse pressure throughout the exposure period, Group 2 had normal pulse pressure at the beginning and elevated pulse pressure at the end of the exposure period, and Group 3 had elevated pulse pressure throughout. Over the follow-up period, 568 (6.8%) women and 798 (10.5%) men developed AF. After adjustment for potential confounders at baseline, the long-term trajectory groups for elevated pulse pressure were associated with increased risk of AF in women, but not in men. In women, the adjusted hazard ratios of AF were 1.60 (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 2.09) for trajectory Group 2 and 2.78 (1.93, 4.02) for trajectory Group 3, compared with Group 1.
conclusionsLong-term elevated pulse pressure trajectories were independently associated with increased risk of AF in women, but not in men. Our findings call for further investigations to understand the mechanisms behind these sex-based differences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.