ArticleBMJ open2025
Comparative effects of dual-task training versus combined exercise training in water and on land on patients with multiple sclerosis: a study protocol of a randomised factorial trial.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mindfulness combined with cognitive motor dual task training in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment.iScience · 2026Article
- Biomechanical insights into gait rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis: a narrative review of exercise modalities and progressive training approaches.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPeople with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience cognitive and motor impairments, including cognitive training and exercise training. This study compares dual task and combined exercise training in water and on land. Water-based training may enhance cognitive and motor function more effectively than land-based training, presenting a promising intervention for PwMS. We explore dual-task training (DTT), including cognitive and motor exercise, with combined exercise in water and on land on the cognition, balance and gait PwMS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a double-blind 3* ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by the Sports Science Research Institute (No. IR.SSRC.REC.1401.082). The results of the trial will be submitted for publication in journals and distributed to PwMS and physiotherapists. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial is prospectively registered on 22 March 2024, at https://www.umin.ac.jp/ with an identification number (UMIN000053947).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.