Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39819835›Full record

ArticleBMJ mental health2025

Prevalence and patient characteristics associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor screening in UK primary care for people with severe mental illness: an electronic healthcare record study.

Naomi Launders, Caroline Anne Jackson, Joseph F Hayes, Ann John, Robert Stewart, Matthew H Iveson, Elvira Bramon, Bruce Guthrie, Stewart William Mercer, David P J Osborn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Naomi LaundersDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK naomi.launders.19@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-4241-938X
Caroline Anne JacksonThe University of Edinburgh Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2067-2811
Joseph F HayesDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2286-3862
Ann JohnSwansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5657-6995
Robert StewartInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4435-6397
Matthew H IvesonDivision of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7242-0456
Elvira BramonDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1369-5983
Bruce GuthrieThe University of Edinburgh Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4191-4880
Stewart William MercerThe University of Edinburgh Usher Institute, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1703-3664
David P J OsbornDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2519-1539

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and initiatives for CVD risk factor screening in the UK have not reduced disparities.

objectivesTo describe the annual screening prevalence for CVD risk factors in people with SMI from April 2000 to March 2018, and to identify factors associated with receiving no screening and regular screening.

methodsWe identified adults with a diagnosis of SMI (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or 'other psychosis') from UK primary care records in Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We calculated the annual prevalence of screening for blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index, alcohol consumption and smoking status using multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with receiving no screening and complete screening.

resultsOf 216 136 patients with SMI, 55% received screening for all six CVD risk factors at least once during follow-up and 35% received all six within a 1-month period. Our findings suggest that patient characteristics and financial incentivisation influence screening prevalence of individual CVD risk factors, the likelihood of receiving screening for all six CVD risk factors annually and risk of receiving no screening.

conclusionsThe low proportion of people with SMI receiving regular comprehensive CVD risk factor screening is concerning. Screening needs to be embedded as part of broad physical health checks to ensure the health needs of people with SMI are being met. If we are to improve cardiovascular health, interventions are needed where risk of receiving no screening or not receiving regular screening is highest.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHeart Disease Risk FactorsMass ScreeningMental DisordersPrimary Health CareAdultAgedElectronic Health RecordsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited KingdomYoung AdultSchizophrenia & psychotic disorders

Identifiers

PMID39819835
PMCPMC11751913

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.