Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39819516›Full record

ArticleBMC medical research methodology2025

Development, validation, and usage of metrics to evaluate the quality of clinical research hypotheses.

Xia Jing, Yuchun Zhou, James J Cimino, Jay H Shubrook, Vimla L Patel, Sonsoles De Lacalle, Aneesa Weaver, Chang Liu

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xia JingCollege of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA. xjing@clemson.edu.
Yuchun ZhouPatton College of Education, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
James J CiminoDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jay H ShubrookCollege of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University, Vallejo, CA, USA.
Vimla L PatelThe New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Sonsoles De LacalleCollege of Art and Science, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USA.
Aneesa WeaverCollege of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
Chang LiuRuss College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.

Funding

Tissue Structural and Neural Remodeling in Human Sacroiliac JointP20GM121342 · NIGMS · CLEMSON UNIVERSITY · PI Hai Yao · 2018 to 2026
$24.7M
Exploration of the hypothesis-generation process as guided by secondary data analysis in clinical research: Can the process be more efficient?R15LM012941 · NLM · OHIO UNIVERSITY ATHENS · PI JING, XIA · 2018 to 2018
$394k
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM121342NLM NIH HHS R15 LM012941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMetrics and instruments can provide guidance for clinical researchers to assess their potential research projects at an early stage before significant investment. Furthermore, metrics can also provide structured criteria for peer reviewers to assess others' clinical research manuscripts or grant proposals. This study aimed to develop, test, validate, and use evaluation metrics and instruments to accurately, consistently, systematically, and conveniently assess the quality of scientific hypotheses for clinical research projects. MATERIALS AND

methodsMetrics development went through iterative stages, including literature review, metrics and instrument development, internal and external testing and validation, and continuous revisions in each stage based on feedback. Furthermore, two experiments were conducted to determine brief and comprehensive versions of the instrument.

resultsThe brief version of the instrument contained three dimensions: validity, significance, and feasibility. The comprehensive version of metrics included novelty, clinical relevance, potential benefits and risks, ethicality, testability, clarity, interestingness, and the three dimensions of the brief version. Each evaluation dimension included 2 to 5 subitems to evaluate the specific aspects of each dimension. For example, validity included clinical validity and scientific validity. The brief and comprehensive versions of the instruments included 12 and 39 subitems, respectively. Each subitem used a 5-point Likert scale.

conclusionThe validated brief and comprehensive versions of metrics can provide standardized, consistent, systematic, and generic measurements for clinical research hypotheses, allow clinical researchers to prioritize their research ideas systematically, objectively, and consistently, and can be used as a tool for quality assessment during the peer review process.

Indexed as

Biomedical ResearchResearch DesignHumansReproducibility of ResultsClinical hypothesis evaluationClinical researchInstrument developmentMetricsScientific hypothesis evaluationValidation

Identifiers

PMID39819516
PMCPMC11737058

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.