ArticleCell reports2025
Probing the functional constraints of influenza A virus NEP by deep mutational scanning.
Article in Cell reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Scanning the horizon: deep mutational scanning approaches in virology.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- On the brink of emergence: an evolutionary approach to Influenza A virus H5N1 isolated from humans.Virus research · 2026Article
- Stochastic intracellular replication dynamics shape population-level evolution in Influenza A Virus.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- H5N1 2.3.4.4b: a review of mammalian adaptations and risk of pandemic emergence.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Deep mutational scanning and CRISPR-engineered viruses: tools for evolutionary and functional genomics studies.mSphere · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The influenza A virus nuclear export protein (NEP) is a multifunctional protein that is essential for the viral life cycle and has very high sequence conservation. However, since the open reading frame of NEP largely overlaps with that of another influenza viral protein, non-structural protein 1, it is difficult to infer the functional constraints of NEP based on sequence conservation analysis. In addition, the N-terminal of NEP is structurally disordered, which further complicates the understanding of its function. Here, we systematically measure the replication fitness effects of >1,800 mutations of NEP. Our results show that the N-terminal domain has high mutational tolerance. Additional experiments show that N-terminal domain mutations affect viral transcription and replication dynamics, host cellular responses, and mammalian adaptation of avian influenza virus. Overall, our study not only advances the functional understanding of NEP but also provides insights into its evolutionary constraints.
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