Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39817680›Full record

ArticleActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2025

Rating of overall childbirth experience: A qualitative study of a quantitative measurement.

Frida Viirman, Reidun Jidrot, Linn Lundström, Lisa Ljungman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Frida ViirmanDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-1384-3181
Reidun JidrotDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Linn LundströmDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Lisa LjungmanDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Funding

Regional Research Council Mid Sweden RFR-980752Region Uppsala Research and Development Grant LUL-990477
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOverall childbirth experience scores are used both in research and in clinical settings. Since it is still not fully understood what assessment of childbirth experience on a single-item numeric rating scale or visual analog scale represents, the aim of this study was to explore women's reasoning and thoughts when rating overall childbirth experience numerically. MATERIAL AND

methodsA qualitative interview study of 26 women was conducted using a think-aloud technique at a university referral hospital in Sweden. A manifest qualitative content analysis was performed to generate categories and sub-categories representing how women decided which single value should represent their experience of giving birth.

resultsTwo main categories emerged from the analysis. The first, Strategies for choosing a number, reflects variations in how the women approached the rating scale itself and includes five sub-categories, each relating to a different strategy: (1) Comparison, (2) Start from the maximum value, (3) Start from the middle, (4) Weigh certain experiences more heavily, and (5) A means to an end. The second category, Specific factors considered in the rating, includes four sub-categories, representing groups of factors contributing to the final childbirth experience score: (1) The time period, (2) Events linked to strong emotions, (3) Perceived support, and (4) Previous expectations. What the women included in their overall childbirth experience was hence translated into a number, using strategies from the first category and factors from the second category.

conclusionsThe considerable variations in how women approach the rating scale, and what they include in the assessment of overall childbirth experience, suggest that not only the childbirth experience itself but also the reasoning when evaluating it, is multifaceted. A standardized phrasing of the question and a clear purpose for the evaluation is warranted to strengthen the validity of the measurement. When used clinically for identifying women in need of support after childbirth, the rating should be followed by a conversation about the experience of giving birth, independent of the value chosen.

Indexed as

ParturitionPatient SatisfactionAdultFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicPregnancyQualitative ResearchSwedenYoung Adultbirth satisfactionchildbirth experiencelabornumeric rating scalethink aloudvisual analog scale

Identifiers

PMID39817680
PMCPMC11919766

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.