Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39817439›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of experimental biology2025

Testing hypotheses of skull function with comparative finite element analysis: three methods reveal contrasting results.

D Rex Mitchell, Stephen Wroe, Meg Martin, Vera Weisbecker

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of experimental biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

D Rex MitchellCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1495-4879
Stephen WroeSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
Meg MartinCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4924-309X
Vera WeisbeckerCollege of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2370-4046

Funding

Australian Research Council CE170100015Australian Research Council FT180100634Flinders University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Comparative finite element analysis often involves standardising aspects of models to test equivalent loading scenarios across species. However, regarding feeding biomechanics of the vertebrate skull, what is considered 'equivalent' can depend on the hypothesis. Using 13 diversely shaped skulls of marsupial bettongs and potoroos (Potoroidae), we demonstrate that scaling muscle forces to standardise specific aspects of biting mechanics can produce clearly opposing comparisons of stress or strain that are differentially suited to address specific kinds of hypotheses. We therefore propose three categories of hypotheses for skull biting mechanics, each involving a unique method of muscle scaling to produce meaningful results: those comparing (1) the skull's efficiency in distributing muscle forces to the biting teeth, via standardising input muscle force to skull size, (2) structural biting adaptation through standardising mechanical advantage to simulate size-adjusted, equivalent bites and (3) feeding ecology affected by size, such as niche partitioning, via standardising bite reaction force.

Indexed as

MarsupialiaSkullAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaBite ForceFeeding BehaviorFinite Element AnalysisModels, BiologicalBite forceFeeding biomechanicsFinite element analysisMechanical advantagePotoroidaeScaling

Identifiers

PMID39817439
PMCPMC11928056

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.