Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39817068›Full record

ArticleJACC. Advances2024

Etiology and Phenotypes of Cardiomyopathy in Southern Africa: The IMHOTEP Multicenter Pilot Study.

Sarah M Kraus, Jacqui Cirota, Shahiemah Pandie, Kandathil Thomas, Mookenthottathil Thomas, Makoali Makotoko, Albertino Damasceno, Sarah Yiga, Louwra Greyling, Hermanus A Hanekom and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JACC. Advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Geographical and Ethnic Heterogeneity in Genetic Dilated Cardiomyopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pediatric heart failure: A focus on low-income countries.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Sarah M KrausDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jacqui CirotaDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Shahiemah PandieDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Kandathil ThomasDivision of Cardiology, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa.
Mookenthottathil ThomasDivision of Cardiology, Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa.
Makoali MakotokoDivision of Cardiology, Universitas Hospital and University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Albertino DamascenoDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Robert W.M. Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Sarah YigaDivision of Cardiology, Universitas Hospital and University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Louwra GreylingDivision of Cardiology, Universitas Hospital and University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Hermanus A HanekomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Robert W.M. Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Angela MateusDepartment of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Celia NovelaDepartment of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Nakita LaingDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Unita SeptemberDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Zita KerbelkerDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Tessa SuttleDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Emily ChetwinDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Francis E SmitDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Robert W.M. Frater Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Gasnat ShaboodienThe Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
Ashley ChinDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Karen SliwaDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Freedom GumedzeDepartment of Statistics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Stefan NeubauerDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Leslie CooperMayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Hugh WatkinsRadcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Ntobeko A B NtusiDepartment of Medicine, The Cardiac Clinic, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
IMHOTEP Investigators

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cardiomyopathies are an important cause of heart failure in Africa yet there are limited data on etiology and clinical phenotypes. Objectives: The IMHOTEP (African Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis Registry Program) was designed to systematically collect data on individuals diagnosed with cardiomyopathy living in Africa. Methods: In this multicenter pilot study, patients (age ≥13 years) were eligible for inclusion if they had a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy or myocarditis. Cases were grouped and analyzed according to phenotype; dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) including myocarditis and peripartum cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). Results: A total of 665 unrelated index cases (median age 35 [27-44] years; 51.1% female) were recruited at 3 centers in South Africa and 1 center in Mozambique. DCM (n = 478) was the most common type of cardiomyopathy, accounting for 72% of the cohort; ACM (n = 78), HCM (n = 70), and RCM (n = 39) were less frequent. While the age of onset and sex distribution of HCM and ACM were similar to European and North American populations, DCM and RCM had a younger age of onset and occurred more frequently in women and those with African ancestry. Causes of cardiomyopathy were diverse; familial (27%), nonfamilial/idiopathic (36%), and secondary (37%) etiologies were observed. Conclusions: In the largest study of cardiomyopathy to-date on the African continent, we observe that DCM is the dominant form of cardiomyopathy in Southern Africa. The age of onset was significantly younger in African patients with notable sex and ethnic disparities in DCM.

Indexed as

Africacardiomyopathydilated cardiomyopathyheart failuremyocarditisSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID39817068
PMCPMC11733814

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.