Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39817038›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025

Strong Association Between HIV Incidence and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Zambia and South Africa: Prospective Data From the HPTN 071 (PopART) Trial.

J Bradley, S Floyd, E Piwowar-Manning, O Laeyendecker, O R Baker, N Bell-Mandla, J Bwalya, A Moore, S H Eshleman, D Donnell and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

J BradleyInternational Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9449-4608
S FloydInternational Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8615-7601
E Piwowar-ManningSchool of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
O LaeyendeckerNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6429-4760
O R BakerSchool of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
N Bell-MandlaDesmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
J BwalyaZambart, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
A MooreFHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
S H EshlemanSchool of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
D DonnellFred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
P BockDesmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
S FidlerHIV Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
H AylesZambart, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
R J HayesInternational Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Funding

LC: HIV Prevention Trials Network - Laboratory Support for the SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Study (CoVPN 5002)UM1AI068613 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SUSAN H ESHLEMAN, Mark A Marzinke · 2011 to 2026
$100.2M
Stellenbosch University Clinical Trial Unit, Cape Town, South AfricaUM1AI069521 · NIAID · STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY · PI Shaun Barnabas, Anneke Catharina Hesseling · 2012 to 2026
$21.5M
NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068613NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069521
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) is an important cofactor for HIV acquisition and transmission. Associations between the infections are reexamined in longitudinal data from an HIV prevention trial. Methods: The HPTN 071 (PopART) trial evaluated a combination prevention intervention in 21 urban communities in Zambia and South Africa. HIV incidence was measured in a cohort of approximately 2000 adults (age, 18-44 years) selected randomly from each community and followed up for 36 months. Incidence of HSV2 infection was estimated, and the effects of risk factors were examined. The association between HIV incidence and HSV2 infection was examined at individual and community levels. Results: An overall 10 539 participants were HSV2 negative at baseline and retested after 36 months. Estimated HSV2 incidence was 5.4 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 5.0-5.7) for women and 2.9 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 2.6-3.2) for men. When compared with those remaining HSV2 negative, HIV incidence was higher in those who were HSV2 positive at baseline (women: adjusted rate ratio [aRR], 3.24 [95% CI, 2.50-4.20]; men: aRR, 2.57 [95% CI, 1.60-4.11]) and even higher in those who seroconverted to HSV2 during follow-up (women: aRR, 5.94 [95% CI, 4.42-7.98]; men: aRR, 8.37 [95% CI, 5.18-13.52]). At the community level, strong associations were seen between HIV incidence and HSV2 prevalence ( Conclusions: There were strong associations between HIV incidence and HSV2 prevalence and incidence at individual and community levels. HSV2 control could contribute to HIV prevention.

Indexed as

cofactorHIVHSV2prospectiveSouthern Africa

Identifiers

PMID39817038
PMCPMC11733628

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.