Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39816986›Full record

ReviewJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders2025

Cardiovascular outcomes of SGLT-2 inhibitors' subtypes in type 2 diabetes; an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Pouya Ebrahimi, Hamidreza Soleimani, Mehrdad Mahalleh, Pegah Farisi, Maryam Taheri, Pedram Ramezani, Parnian Soltani, Roozbeh Nazari, Nahid Senobari, Seyedeh Maryam Mousavinezhad and 5 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Pouya EbrahimiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hamidreza SoleimaniImam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehrdad MahallehCardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pegah FarisiCardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Maryam TaheriFaculty of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
Pedram RamezaniDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Azad University of Medical Sciences Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Parnian SoltaniResearch Committee, Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Roozbeh NazariResearch Committee, Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nahid SenobariResearch Committee, Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyedeh Maryam MousavinezhadCardiology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Moloud PayabNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-9311-8395
Mehrdad GooshvarCardiology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Amin Zaki ZadehCardiology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Kaveh HosseiniCardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mahbube EbrahimpurMetabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The effects of Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on cardiac outcomes, cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and all-cause mortality (ACM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have been reported heterogeneously in different studies. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scholar databases were searched with relevant MeSH terms from January 1, 2010, to November 14, 2023. The study used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The primary outcomes in all trials included the risk of ACM, CVM, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in T2DM patients who were treated with one of the SGLT-2 inhibitors. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q and I Results: Eighteen studies, including 70,830 participants, were included. A pooled estimate showed that SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment was significantly associated with reduced ACM (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.90, p-value: 0.001, I Conclusion: SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment significantly reduced CVM, ACM, MI, and HHF. Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin, and Dapagliflozin significantly reduced ACM. Canagliflozin was significantly associated with a reduction in CVM. All SGLT-2 inhibitor treatments were associated with a reduction in HHF.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular MortalityCardiovascular outcomesSGLT-2 inhibitorsSystematic review and Meta-analysisType 2 diabetes Mellitus

Identifiers

PMID39816986
PMCPMC11730052

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.