ArticleJournal of neurology2025
Unraveling the inflammation-degeneration tangle in early MS: preliminary insights from ferritin, neurogranin, TREM2, and retinal ganglion cell layer.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Is there a link between multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer disease? A critical note.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Impact of visual discomfort symptoms on SDMT performance among persons with MS.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) involves a complex interplay between immune-mediated inflammation and neurodegeneration. Recent advances in biomarker research have provided new insights into the molecular underpinnings of MS, including ferritin, neurogranin, Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), and neurofilaments light chain.
objectivesThis pilot study aims to investigate the levels of these biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients and explore their associations with clinical, cognitive, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.
methodsThis cross-sectional pilot study included 26 patients with relapsing MS (RMS) and 13 symptomatic controls (SCs). Clinical, cognitive, and OCT assessments were performed, and CSF samples were analyzed for ferritin, neurogranin, TREM2, and neurofilaments.
resultsNeurogranin levels were significantly higher in RMS patients compared to SCs (p = 0.04), and the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that neurogranin could be considered a disease biomarker (AUC = 0.733, p = 0.01). Ferritin and neurogranin showed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.690, p < 0.01), and both were inversely correlated with retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness. TREM2 was positively associated with baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale score.
conclusionThis pilot study suggests that neurogranin may be a potential biomarker at the time of MS diagnosis, and the interplay between ferritin, neurogranin, and TREM2 highlights the complex relationship between inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage in MS. The inverse association of ferritin and neurogranin with GCL thickness warrants further investigation into the role of iron metabolism and synaptic damage in the early stages of the disease.
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