Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39811082›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied statistics2025

Comparing heart PET scans: an adjustment of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test under spatial autocorrelation.

Wenjun Zheng, Hongjian Zhu, K Lance Gould, Dejian Lai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied statistics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wenjun ZhengDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
Hongjian ZhuStatistical Innovation Group AbbVie Inc., Virtual Office, Sugar Land, TX, USA.
K Lance GouldWeatherhead PET Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
Dejian LaiDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The principle of independence is a fundamental yet often disregarded assumption in statistical inference. It is observed that the implications of correlations, if not considered, can lead to a conservative estimation of Type I error in the presence of positive linear correlations when utilizing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. Conversely, negative linear correlations may engender a liberal estimation of Type I error. To address the impact of spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images, we have proposed an innovative methodology to reconstruct a grid map of human heart scans using spherical coordinates. We have examined the distribution of the KS test statistic under spatial autocorrelation through Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and have introduced a KS test with a spatial adjustment. The newly proposed KS test with spatial adjustment demonstrates a controlled Type I error and power that is not inferior when compared to the original KS test. This suggests its potential utility in the analysis of spatially autocorrelated data.

Indexed as

informative sample sizeKolmogorov-Smirnovmoran's IPET scanspatial autocorrelation

Identifiers

PMID39811082
PMCPMC11727175

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.