ReviewChemical science2025
The influential IPr: 25 years after its discovery.
Review in Chemical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reversible C─H Insertion in Bulky Unsaturated NHCs: A Carbon-Based Analogue of Oxidative Addition/Reductive Elimination.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Genuine Carbene Conundrum.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- General method for carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions via semiheterogeneous red-light metallaphotocatalysis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Metal-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes in Buchwald-Hartwig Amination Reactions.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as a privileged ligand family in organometallic chemistry, widely recognized for their unique steric and electronic properties. Among them, the 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazole-2-ylidene (IPr) ligand has become a cornerstone of NHC chemistry for its remarkable versatility, stability, and broad use. Since its discovery by the Nolan group in 1999, IPr has played a pivotal role in advancing catalytic transformations and facilitating the utilization of NHC ligands in various domains. This article highlights major contributions where IPr has helped shape modern organometallic chemistry, with a focus on its influence in transition metal catalysis and ligand design. Twenty five years after its discovery, the IPr ligand continues to be a benchmark ligand, inspiring and driving innovation.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.