Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39810748›Full record

ArticleIJID regions2025

Mixed nontuberculous mycobacteria in an immunocompromised patient with probable progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Christoffel Opperman, Janet Scott, Janre Steyn, Sarishna Singh, Yonas Ghebrekristos, Roland Croxford, Robin Warren, Aliasgar Esmail, Giovanni Ghielmetti, Wynand Goosen

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJID regions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Christoffel OppermanNational Health Laboratory Service, Green Point TB-Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa.
Janet ScottDP Marias Hospital, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa.
Janre SteynSAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Sarishna SinghNational Health Laboratory Service, Green Point TB-Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa.
Yonas GhebrekristosNational Health Laboratory Service, Green Point TB-Laboratory, Cape Town, South Africa.
Roland CroxfordDP Marias Hospital, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa.
Robin WarrenSAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Aliasgar EsmailUniversity of Cape Town Lung Institute, Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Giovanni GhielmettiSAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Wynand GoosenSAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized opportunistic pathogens found ubiquitously in the environment. The presence of multiple NTM species at the site of disease complicates diagnosis and treatment. Case and management: A 40-year-old patient who tested positive for HIV, with an absolute clusters of differentiation 4+ T-cell count of 3 cells/µl and cryptococcaemia, presented with hemoptysis, productive cough, and weight loss. Mixed NTM species, including Additional investigation: Advanced diagnostic techniques, including Sanger sequencing, Deeplex Myc-TB in combination with short-read next-generation sequencing, and targeted amplicon-based Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing, revealed the presence of mixed NTM species in two retrospective stored cultures, with variations in primer binding affinity among the Conclusion: This case highlights the individualized considerations required to manage a patient with mixed NTM infection and the need for multi-target diagnostic approaches.

Indexed as

Co-infectionNontuberculous mycobacteriaProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyTargeted amplicon-based sequencing

Identifiers

PMID39810748
PMCPMC11730941

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.