Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39808292›Full record

SynthesisClinical oral investigations2025

Weighing up the potential of "superfoods" compounds of green tea or turmeric as adjuncts in comparison to established therapeutical approaches for periodontal disease.

Georg Heuzeroth, Manuela Elena Kaufmann, Isabelle Herter-Aeberli, Ulrich Schlagenauf, Chun Ching Liu, Spyridon N Papageorgiou, Patrick R Schmidlin

Abstract readComparative StudyMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Georg HeuzerothClinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, 8032, Switzerland. georg.heuzeroth@zzm.uzh.ch.
Manuela Elena KaufmannClinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8591-3383
Isabelle Herter-AeberliLaboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Epigenetics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0134-6217
Ulrich SchlagenaufClinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Chun Ching LiuClinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-8800
Spyridon N PapageorgiouClinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, 8032, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1968-3326
Patrick R SchmidlinClinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-0325

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAim of this study was to critically appraise clinical evidence on the potential benefits of adjunctive use of superfoods green tea and turmeric as mouthrinse or local delivery agents in the treatment of periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND

methodsElectronic searches were performed in four databases for randomized trials from inception to February 2024 assessing the supplemental use of superfoods green tea and turmeric for gingivitis/periodontitis treatment. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment with the RoB 2 tool, random-effects meta-analyses of Mean Differences (MD) or Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed.

resultsNineteen studies (814 patients) were included, with 11 on gingivitis and 8 on periodontitis patients. No benefits were seen from the use of mouthwashes containing green tea extract or turmeric for gingivitis treatment, while green tea was associated with smaller Gingival Index (GI) reductions than chlorhexidine (5 studies; MD = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.14; P = 0.01). As far as periodontitis treatment is concerned, local supplementation with turmeric showed no benefits, whereas local supplementation with green tea extract was associated with improved treatment outcomes in terms of probing depth (4 studies; MD=-0.79; 95% CI=-1.29 to -0.29 mm; P = 0.002) and GI (3 studies; MD=-0.53; 95% CI=-1.01 to -0.05; P = 0.02) than the control group. However, the strength of evidence was moderate to very low due to bias, imprecision, and inconsistency.

conclusionLimited evidence indicates that supplemental use of green tea extract is associated with improved periodontal treatment outcomes. However, the strength of evidence is weak and further research is needed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Green tea extract could be a natural adjunct to enhance periodontal treatment, without the potential side-effects of other adjuncts like chlorhexidine.

Indexed as

CurcumaMouthwashesPeriodontal DiseasesPlant ExtractsTeaChlorhexidineGingivitisHumansPeriodontitisRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicChlorhexidineMouthwashesPlant ExtractsTeaturmeric extractGingivitisPeriodontal diseasePeriodontitisRandomized trialSuperfoodsSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID39808292
PMCPMC11732890

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.