Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39807567›Full record

ArticlePalliative & supportive care2025

Advance care planning readiness, barriers, and facilitators among seriously ill Black older adults and their surrogates: A mixed methods study.

Rebecca Howe, Shreya Kumar, Laura Slattery, Stephanie Milton, Orly Tonkikh, Everlyne G Ogugu, Julie T Bidwell, Janice Bell, Grace Amadi, Alicia Agnoli

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Palliative & supportive care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rebecca HoweDepartment of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5986-1612
Shreya KumarSchool of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Laura SlatterySchool of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Stephanie MiltonDepartment of Religious Studies, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Orly TonkikhBetty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Everlyne G OguguBetty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Julie T BidwellBetty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Janice BellBetty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Grace AmadiDepartment of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Alicia AgnoliDepartment of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesAdvance care planning (ACP) supports communication and medical decision-making and is best conceptualized as part of the care planning continuum. Black older adults have lower ACP engagement and poorer quality of care in serious illness. Surrogates are essential to effective ACP but are rarely integrated in care planning. Our objective was to describe readiness, barriers, and facilitators of ACP among seriously ill Black older adults and their surrogates.

methodsWe used an explanatory sequential mixed methods study design. The setting was 2 ambulatory specialty clinics of an academic medical center and 1 community church in Northern California, USA. Participants included older adults and surrogates. Older adults were aged 60+, self-identified as Black, and had received care at 1 of the 2 clinics or were a member of the church congregation. Surrogates were aged 18+ and could potentially make medical decisions for the older adult. The validated ACP engagement survey was used to assess confidence and readiness for ACP. What "matters most" and barriers and facilitators to ACP employed questions from established ACP materials and trials. Semi-structured interviews were conducted after surveys to further explain survey results.

resultsOlder adults ( SIGNIFICANCE OF

resultsWe identified barriers and facilitators and present a framework to support ACP engagement. Future research can assess the impact of this framework on communication and decision-making.

Indexed as

Advance Care PlanningBlack or African AmericanAgedAged, 80 and overCaliforniaDecision MakingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSurveys and QuestionnairesAdvance care planningcaregiversethnic and racial minoritiesmixed methods

Identifiers

PMID39807567
PMCPMC13168772

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.