Observational studyThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2025
Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Dementia Onset Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Differences by Race/Ethnicity.
Observational study in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of lipid accumulation product on cardiometabolic multimorbidity and the mediating effect of leukocytes: evidence from a prospective cohort study among middle-aged and elderly chinese adults.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2026Article
- Impact of ethnicity and antihyperglycemic medications on dementia incidence in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Contextual variability in under-diagnosed cardiometabolic disease and cognitive vulnerability among populations at high risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Research square · 2026Article
- Contextual variability in under-diagnosed cardiometabolic disease and cognitive vulnerability among populations at high risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.NPJ dementia · 2026Article
- Microglial metabolic reprogramming drives cognitive decline in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity in Older Adults Aged 60 and above in a Large-Scale Representative Sample in Türkiye: A Nationwide Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundRacial/ethnic minoritized groups in the United States have a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity and experience a higher risk of dementia. This study evaluates the relationship between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and dementia onset according to racial/ethnic group in a nationally representative cohort of U.S. middle-aged and older adults.
methodsData from the Health & Retirement Study (1998-2018, N = 7,960, mean baseline age 59.4 years) and discrete-time survival models were used to estimate differences in the risk of dementia onset, defined by Langa-Weir classification. Models included race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic), chronic disease/multimorbidity categories (no disease, one disease, cardiovascular multimorbidity, metabolic multimorbidity, cardiometabolic multimorbidity, other multimorbidity), age, sex, education, wealth, body-mass index, and proxy status.
resultsOver a mean follow-up of 14.6 years, 7.7% of the participants (n = 614) developed dementia. In the fully adjusted model, participants with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had the highest risk of dementia onset (HR:3.27, 95%CI: 2.06, 5.21), followed by metabolic (HR:1.83, 95%CI: 1.14, 2.94), and cardiovascular (HR:1.81, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.64) multimorbidity, relative to participants with no disease. The risk of dementia was significantly greater among Black (HR: 6.40, 95% CI: 3.84, 10.67) and Hispanic participants (HR: 4.90, 95% CI: 2.85, 8.43) with cardiometabolic multimorbidity, compared with White adults with no disease.
conclusionsIndividuals from racial/ethnic minoritized groups have a higher risk of dementia. The risk of dementia onset was significantly greater for Black and Hispanic participants experiencing cardiometabolic multimorbidity, highlighting the value of intervening in cardiometabolic conditions among middle-aged and older adults, in particular, those from racial/ethnic minoritized backgrounds to reduce the risk of developing dementia.
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