ArticleBMJ open2024
Incremental cost of treating antimicrobial-resistant infections among hospitalised patients in India: a cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Burden of antimicrobial resistance in culture-confirmed Salmonella Typhi isolates in India from 1977 to 2024: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Mortality and cost of therapy of carbapenem susceptible vs resistant Gram-negative infections among hospitalised patients in India: a multicentric surveillance (2022-2025).The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Direct Hospitalization Costs Associated with Resistant and SusceptibleFoodborne pathogens and disease · 2026Article
- A review of bloodstream infections-pathogens, pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, treatment methods-challenges and future aspects.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Review
- Hospital Cost Components and Predictors inTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Economic burden of typhoid fever by antimicrobial resistance in India: a modelling study 2023.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- The Role of Combination Antibiotic Therapy in Combatting Drug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Current status of antimicrobial resistance in Indian healthcare system: combating antimicrobial resistance with precision medicine.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2026Review
- Economic burden of hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant organism infections in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery: a bootstrap-based retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccurate estimates of incremental cost (IC) attributable to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) provide information of immense public health importance to the policy makers. Here, we present the IC from patient perspective for treating antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in India.
methodsThis cohort study was conducted in eight hospitals including government (GH), private (PH) and trust hospitals (TH), considering their ownership, geographical location and categories of cities. This study had a retrospective component, which calculated the direct cost of treating resistant and susceptible blood stream infections caused by selected WHO priority pathogens. The prospective component estimated indirect cost and financial coping strategies for the treatment of AMR. In the retrospective component, 1723 records were included and 170 patients were recruited in the prospective component.
resultsThe median total cost for management of antimicrobial-resistant infections was US$199 (IQR 89, 377) as opposed to US$109 (IQR 55, 229) for susceptible infection in GH. Our study has revealed that the ICs for
conclusionsThe current study concluded that the presence of any critical or high priority pathogens led to an increase in the direct and indirect medical costs. The IC varied with hospital type, length of stay, pathogen, comorbidities and diagnosis. Prospective studies are needed for precise understanding of variations in the costs of treating AMR infections.
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