ArticleBMJ open2024
Cohort profile: Health and Attainment of Pupils in a Primary Education National Cohort (HAPPEN) - a hybrid total population cohort in Wales, UK.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of special educational needs and disability provision in English primary schools using administrative health and education data in the ECHILD database.International journal of population data science · 2026Article
- Examining the health literacy and health behaviours of children aged 8-11 in Wales, UK.Health promotion international · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHealth and Attainment of Pupils in a Primary Education National (HAPPEN) is a primary school national cohort which brings together education, health and well-being research in line with the Curriculum for Wales framework. Health, education and social care data are linked and held in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. In addition, school-aged children complete the HAPPEN Survey to inform the design and implementation of the Health and Well-being curriculum. Over 600 schools take part in the HAPPEN Survey. Linkage of health and education records from the HAPPEN national cohort with HAPPEN Survey responses gives enriched cohort detail which can be used to extrapolate to other schools in Wales. We present the descriptive data available in HAPPEN, and the future expansion plans.
participantsThe HAPPEN cohort includes 37 902 primary-aged school children from 2016 to July 2023. Of this number, 28 019 can be linked in SAIL with their anonymised linkage field. In addition, to date (May 2024), HAPPEN Survey data have been captured from over 45 000 children, which can be linked to the electronic data. The survey continues to rise by 7000-8000 responses annually. FINDINGS TO DATE: The cohort is 49% girls, 47% boys (3% prefer not to state their gender and 1% of this data is missing) and 14% are from an ethnic minority background (10% prefer not to state their ethnicity). Initial findings have explored the impact of COVID-19 on well-being and play opportunities, along with a longitudinal exploration of well-being throughout the years. FUTURE PLANS: HAPPEN is an ongoing dynamic cohort of data collection. Access to the cohort is available through SAIL. Ongoing research includes the evaluation of interventions for primary school children such as natural experiment methods, free school meal roll-out in Wales, interventions to improve physical literacy including changes to the built environment and interventions to improve the health and well-being of primary school children.
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