Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39805940›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Water hyacinth conversion to biochar for soil nutrient enhancement in improving agricultural product.

Yezbie Kassa, Agmas Amare, Tayachew Nega, Teferi Alem, Mohammed Gedefaw, Bilhate Chala, Bernhard Freyer, Beatriz Waldmann, Tarekegn Fentie, Tewodros Mulu and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Yezbie KassaCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Agmas AmareCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. agmas.amare@uog.edu.et.
Tayachew NegaInstitutes of Technology, University of Gondar, P.O.BOX 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Teferi AlemCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Mohammed GedefawCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Bilhate ChalaUniversity of Hohenheim, State Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy (LA 740), Stuttgart, Germany.
Bernhard FreyerCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. box 176, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Beatriz WaldmannThe Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU e.V.) |, Charitéstraße 3 10117, Berlin, Germany.
Tarekegn FentieCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Tewodros MuluCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Taddesse AdgoThe Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union Ethiopia (NABU Ethiopia), Shimbit Kebele, Bahir Dar, P.O. Box 503, Tana Sub city, Ethiopia.
Gizachew AyalewCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Debre Tabor University, P.O. Box 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Marelign AdugnaCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Dessie TibebeCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia. dessie.1977@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The conversion of water hyacinth into biochar offers a sustainable solution to mitigate its proliferation and enhances its potential as a soil amendment for agriculture. This study examined the physicochemical properties of water hyacinth biochar (WHBC) and its impact on soil fertility. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was pyrolyzed at 300 °C for 40 minute with restricted airflow (2-3 m/s), producing biochar with desirable properties and a yield of 44.6%. WHBC exhibited a pH of 8.11 ± 0.91, electrical conductivity of 18.70 ± 1.15 mS/cm, and nutrient contents including TN (0.69 ± 0.10%), TP (8.80 ± 0.01%), OC (13.95 ± 0.65%), C/N ratio (20.22 ± 0.95), S (0.34 ± 0.03%), and metallic nutrients (Ca, Mg, K). Heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn) were within permissible limits for biochar. Soil amended with 2500 kg/ha WHBC (BC2) produced comparable Teff crop yields (fresh mass: 1191.67 ± 428.44 g, dry mass: 700.00 ± 248.34 g, grain yield: 95.00 ± 39.69 g) to those with mineral fertilizers and mixed amendments. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed significant structural changes in WHBC, enhancing its pore structure and surface morphology. These results demonstrate the potential of WHBC as an effective soil amendment to improve agricultural sustainability and soil fertility.

Indexed as

AgricultureCharcoalEichhorniaSoilCarbonCrops, AgriculturalElectric ConductivityEragrostisEthiopiaHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPyrolysisReproducibility of ResultsSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredCarbonCharcoalSoilBiocharCarbon stabilityNutrientTeffWater hyacinth

Identifiers

PMID39805940
PMCPMC11730674

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.