ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025
Investigating eating architecture and the impact of the precision of recorded eating time: a cross-sectional study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe precision of recorded eating times directly affects the estimation of eating architecture, that is, size, timing, and frequency of eating. The impact of imprecise timing on estimates and associations of eating architecture with health remains unclear.
objectivesWe compared eating architecture variables derived from precise with those of broad timing methods and examined associations with anthropometric-related and diet-related outcomes.
methodsCross-sectional data came from 3-d diet diaries of 7-y-old children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We derived mean size, timing, and frequency of eating, using exact times (precise, n = 4855) and midpoint meal slot times (broad, n = 7285). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) estimated agreement between methods. Bland-Altman analysis determined mean difference and limits of agreement (LOAs). Correlations (95% CIs) estimated associations between eating architecture variables and anthropometric-related or diet-related traits.
resultsAgreement varied from moderate to excellent for size (ICC: 0.75), last or first time (ICC: 0.80 or 0.58), and frequency (ICC: 0.43) of eating occasions. Broad times underestimated eating frequency (2.2 times/d; LOA: -1, 5) and overestimated size (83 g; LOA: -179, 13), last time (50 min; LOA: -142, 42), intermeal intervals (68 min; LOA: -126, -11), and eating window (49 min; LOA: -161, 63). Directions of eating architecture intercorrelations were consistent regardless of time precision but varied in magnitude, for example, larger eating occasion size correlated with lower eating frequency but was stronger with precise time (r
conclusionsPrecise timing improves the estimation of eating architecture. Differences in estimation will affect descriptions of children's eating habits and possibly dietary guidance. However, consistent directional associations across timing methods suggest that broad times could provide a pragmatic method for investigating eating architecture associations in large samples.
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