ArticleAIMS public health2024
Differential protective effects of Family Income-to-Poverty-Ratio on electronic cigarette, depression, and obesity of Black and White Americans.
Article in AIMS public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Psychosocial Correlates of Childhood Body Mass Index: Racial and Ethnic Differences.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The Family Income-to-Poverty-Ratio (FIPR) is a recognized indicator of socioeconomic status, and influences a wide range of health and behavioral outcomes. Yet, marginalized and racialized groups, particularly Black individuals, may not reap comparable health benefits from their socioeconomic advancements as their non-Hispanic, White counterparts. This discrepancy is indicative of a phenomenon known as the minorities' diminished returns. Aims: This study investigates the differential impact of the FIPR on depression, obesity, tobacco use, and e-cigarette use between Black and White adults. Methods: Using data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which included 21,354 non-Hispanic adults from both White and Black racial groups, this research employed structural equation modeling to assess the relationship between the FIPR and health outcomes, including depression, obesity, and e-cigarette use. Results: The analysis identified significant interactions between FIPR and race across all the examined outcomes. Contrary to expectations, the findings suggest that the protective effects of higher income levels on health and healthy behaviors are less pronounced for Black individuals compared to White individuals. Conclusion: The study underscores the substantial societal and environmental barriers that hinder Black families and individuals from converting their FIPR and socioeconomic resources into concrete health benefits, such as an enhanced mental and physical well-being. To redress these racial health disparities, targeted interventions are crucial, particularly those that focus on bridging the employment and marriage rate gaps caused by educational disparities among Black communities. A comprehensive approach that extends beyond simple access to education is imperative to eliminate the societal obstacles that limit the socioeconomic benefits for Black populations.
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