Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39802208›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in a Large Cohort of US Children.

Bozena J Katic, Aspasia Katragkou, Jessica L Alvitres, Manisha Gurumurthy, Charles Li, Joseph V Schwab, Uzma N Hasan, Sunanda Gaur, Alan S Weller, Mary C Kennedy and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Bozena J KaticCommunicable Disease Service, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-3899
Aspasia KatragkouGoryeb Children's Hospital, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, New Jersey, USA.
Jessica L AlvitresCommunicable Disease Service, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey, USA.
Manisha GurumurthyDepartment of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-9658
Charles LiDepartment of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9843-1899
Joseph V SchwabDepartment of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1400-5060
Uzma N HasanPediatric Specialty Center, Cooperman-Barnabas Medical Center, West Orange, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3733-5969
Sunanda GaurDepartment of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4136-3970
Alan S WellerDepartment of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Mary C KennedyGoryeb Children's Hospital, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, New Jersey, USA.
Cecilia DiPentimaGoryeb Children's Hospital, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, New Jersey, USA.
Claudia RohanGoryeb Children's Hospital, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, New Jersey, USA.
Benjamin RichlinDepartment of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Dorothy ChuPediatric Specialty Center, Cooperman-Barnabas Medical Center, West Orange, New Jersey, USA.
Isaura OteroDepartment of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Akhil PatelDepartment of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Pauline ThomasDepartment of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Stephen M FriedmanDepartment of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Household transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may play a key role in times of increased infection, particularly among children. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and identify risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity in children. Methods: Unvaccinated children aged 18 months to 11 years between August 2022 and June 2023 underwent oral fluid testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Caregivers completed electronic surveys at 4 major healthcare practices in Northern and Central New Jersey. Information was collected on demographics, household size, vaccination status, and prior SARS-CoV-2-related illness. Multivariable logistic regression determined individual and household-level factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity. Results: A total of 870 children provided tests and corresponding surveys. Children were predominantly Hispanic (37%) or non-Hispanic Black (30%), and on average 5.7 years old. Overall SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity was 68%. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 positivity include Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity (adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 2.29 and 1.95 vs. White race/ethnicity; Conclusions: There is high burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children over time. Adult vaccination appears to be a protective factor in helping to mitigate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among children. Increased vaccination of adults in the community can help inform COVID-19 prevention strategies for minors in the household.

Indexed as

immunitySARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalencevaccination

Identifiers

PMID39802208
PMCPMC11718515

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.