ArticleJACC. CardioOncology2024
Early Change in C-Reactive Protein and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.
Article in JACC. CardioOncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Venous thromboembolism and bleeding in cancer patients: role of inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers.European heart journal · 2026Trial
- Systemic Inflammation and Risk of Thromboembolism, Mortality, and Treatment Response in Patients With Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a predictive model for perioperative venous thromboembolism in colorectal cancer patients based on D-dimer combined with fibrinogen levels.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Association between the albumin-to-globulin ratio and deep vein thrombosis in older adults receiving home healthcare: a prospective cohort study.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis and intraventricular small-vessel thromboembolic occlusion mimicking immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis in a patient treated with pembrolizumab: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Association of triglyceride-glucose related indices with the incidence of venous thromboembolism: a nationwide prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Cancer-Associated Thrombosis in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Machine learning prediction of postoperative pulmonary embolism: a multicenter external validation study highlighting inflammatory response and intraoperative hemodynamics.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Validation of risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer receiving systemic therapies.Blood advances · 2025Observational
- Exploring the Emerging Association Between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Thrombosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Longitudinal dynamics of hemostatic biomarkers in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors vs chemotherapy: results from the Vienna CAT-BLED study.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Article
- The Rise and Fall of C-Reactive Protein: Can it Predict Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Venous Thromboembolism?JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Thromboembolic Events after Surgery for Localized Prostate Cancer: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Survival Outcomes.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisArticle
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18 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Patients with cancer treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a substantial risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The association between ICI-induced inflammation and hypercoagulability is unclear, and no biomarkers currently exist to stratify VTE risk. Objectives: The authors sought to determine the association between the early changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) after ICI initiation and the risk of VTE. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with cancer initiating ICI therapy from 2 academic cancer centers, serving as discovery and external validation cohorts. Patients were stratified based on CRP trajectories during the first 3 months of ICI treatment, with a CRP rise defined as a 2-fold increase from baseline. Patients were followed for VTE for the duration of ICI therapy, and competing risk and time-dependent analyses were used. Results: A total of 822 patients were included. In the discovery cohort (n = 405), the cumulative VTE incidence in patients with a CRP rise (n = 159, 39.3%) was 19.9% (95% CI: 8.4%-34.8%), compared with 8.6% (3.1%-17.6%) in those without a CRP rise. After adjusting for key patient- and cancer-specific confounders, the subdistribution HR for VTE in patients with a CRP rise was 2.64 (95% CI: 1.06-6.62). This was confirmed in the external validation cohort (n = 417; subdistribution HR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.03-4.94), with VTE incidences of 22.9% (95% CI: 9.7%-39.3%) in patients with a CRP rise and 10.8% (95% CI: 7.4%-15.1%) in those without. The association between CRP rise and VTE risk was confirmed in a time-dependent analysis and was consistent after adjusting for disease progression as a potential time-dependent confounder. Conclusions: Early CRP changes during ICI therapy are associated with an increased risk of VTE, suggesting a potential association between ICI-induced inflammation and hypercoagulability. CRP trajectories may serve as a biomarker for ICI-associated VTE.
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