Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39799270›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2025

The effect of arm positions used during radiography on spinal alignment parameters assessed by 3D ultrasound imaging in adolescents with and volunteers without idiopathic scoliosis.

Brianna J Fehr, Eric C Parent, Aislinn Ganci, Kathleen Shearer, Sarah Bruha, Miran Qazizada, Ana Vucenovic, Edmond Lou

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Brianna J FehrDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, T6G 2G4, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4500-6054
Eric C ParentDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, T6G 2G4, AB, Canada. eparent@ualberta.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-3835-0607
Aislinn GanciDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, T6G 2G4, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4524-1521
Kathleen ShearerDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, T6G 2G4, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9280-4473
Sarah BruhaDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8494-795X
Miran QazizadaDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1169-3511
Ana VucenovicDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8762-9383
Edmond LouDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7531-8377

Funding

Scoliosis Research Society 974124
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeClinicians monitor scoliosis progression using multiple radiographs during growth. During imaging, arms must be elevated to visualize vertebrae, possibly affecting sagittal alignment. This study aimed to determine the arm position that best represents habitual standing (and possibly allowing hand-based skeletal maturity assessment) to obtain frontal and lateral stereo-radiographs as measured using frontal, sagittal, and transverse angles.

methodsFemales with and without, and males with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) were recruited consecutively. Patients were scanned using 3D Ultrasound imaging (3DUS), in 10 arm positions; habitual standing, arms supported anteriorly at 60° flexion, fingers to clavicle, chin, zygomatic, and eyebrows, arms abducted 90°, hands on wall, on blocks, and unsupported. Axial vertebral rotation (AVR) differences, frontal, and sagittal curve angles were measured. Repeated measures ANOVAs with Sidak post-hoc tests compared positions.

resultsNinety females with and without AIS with mean age, and height of 17 ± 4 years, and 162 ± 6 cm, and ten males with AIS of 16 ± 3 years, and 174 ± 11 cm, respectively, were included. Female AIS single-curve showed larger curves in standing in all positions excluding hands on blocks (p > 0.05). Sagittal parameters showed decreases in kyphosis in arms abducted 90° and increases in lordosis in fingers to cheeks/eyebrows (p > 0.05). AVR twist was not significantly affected by position. Male AIS showed comparable results to females, but no significant differences were detected.

conclusionNo position represented habitual standing for all groups. When arms are raised, decreases in curve angle were shown in single-curve patients, kyphosis decreased, and lordosis increased in all groups. Most accurate positioning for all parameters was in fingers to clavicle/chin position.

Indexed as

ArmPostureScoliosisSpineAdolescentFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleRadiographyUltrasonographyParameterPatient positioningScoliosisSpineUltrasonography

Identifiers

PMID39799270

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.