Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39799138›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

A membrane-targeted photoswitch restores physiological ON/OFF responses to light in the degenerate retina.

Gaia Ziraldo, Sara Cupini, Valentina Sesti, Emanuela Delfino, Guglielmo Lanzani, Chiara Bertarelli, Fabio Benfenati, Stefano Di Marco

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Light-Activated RPE65 Inhibitors Enable On-Demand Visual Cycle Control.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gaia ZiraldoCenter for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Sara CupiniCenter for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-5739
Valentina SestiDipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Emanuela DelfinoCenter for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Guglielmo LanzaniCenter for Nanoscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-4495
Chiara BertarelliDipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Fabio Benfenati *Center for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy. fabio.benfenati@iit.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0653-8368
Stefano Di Marco *Center for Synaptic Neuroscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy. stafano.dimarco@iit.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-6270

Funding

EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (H2020 Excellent Science - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions) 861423Fondazione Telethon (Telethon Foundation) GMR22T2013Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (Ministry of Education, University and Research) 2020XBFEMSMinistry of Health, Italy | Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute (Italian Medicines Agency) GR-2021-12374630
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lack of effective therapies for visual restoration in Retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration has led to the development of new strategies, such as optogenetics and retinal prostheses. However, visual restoration is poor due to the massive light-evoked activation of retinal neurons, regardless of the segregation of visual information in ON and OFF channels, which is essential for contrast sensitivity and spatial resolution. Here, we show that Ziapin2, a membrane photoswitch that modulates neuronal capacitance and excitability in a light-dependent manner, is capable of reinstating, in mouse and rat genetic models of photoreceptor degeneration, brisk and sluggish ON, OFF, and ON-OFF responses in retinal ganglion cells evoked by full-field stimuli, with reactivation of their excitatory and inhibitory conductances. Intravitreally injected Ziapin2 in fully blind rd10 mice restores light-driven behavior and optomotor reflexes. The results indicate that Ziapin2 is a promising molecule for reinstating physiological visual responses in the late stages of retinal degeneration.

Indexed as

RetinaRetinal DegenerationAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansIntravitreal InjectionsLightMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLOptogeneticsRatsRetinal Ganglion CellsRetinitis Pigmentosa

Identifiers

PMID39799138
PMCPMC11724966

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.