Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39799134›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

From 2D kaolinite to 3D amorphous cement.

Juan A G Carrio, Ricardo K Donato, Alexandra Carvalho, Gavin K W Koon, Katarzyna Z Donato, Xin Hui Yau, Dmytro Kosiachevskyi, Karen Lim, Vedarethinam Ravi, Josny Joy and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Juan A G CarrioCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Ricardo K DonatoCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore. donato@iic.cas.cz.
Alexandra CarvalhoCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Gavin K W KoonCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Katarzyna Z DonatoCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Xin Hui YauCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Dmytro KosiachevskyiCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Karen LimCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Vedarethinam RaviCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Josny JoyCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Kelda GohCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Jose Vitorio EmilianoCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
Jerome E LombardiCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore.
A H Castro NetoCentre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore. c2dhead@nus.edu.sg.

Funding

Ministry of Education - Singapore EDUNC-33-18-279-V12National Research Foundation Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Kaolinite is a single 2D layer of kaolin or metakaolin (MK), common clays that can be characterized as layered 3D materials. We show that because of its chemical composition, kaolinite can be converted into an amorphous 3D material by chemical means. This dimensional transformation is possible due to the large surface to volume ratio and chemical reactivity of kaolinite. We investigate the formation and influence of quasi- or nanocrystalline phases in MK-based alkali-activated materials (AAM) that are related to the Si/Al ratio. We analyze the formation of an AAM from a MK precursor, which is a 3D bonded network that preserves the layered structure at the nanometer scale. We also exfoliate the remaining layered phase to examine the effects of the alkali-activation in the final sheet structures embedded within the amorphous network. The final material can be used as a cement with no carbon dioxide produced by the transformation reaction.

Indexed as

2D materialsAlkali-activationClaysGeopolymerMetakaolin

Identifiers

PMID39799134
PMCPMC11724968

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.