ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
The Fetal Environment and the Development of Hypertension-The Epigenetic Modification by Glucocorticoids.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and blood pressure in adolescents with a history of prematurity and/or low birth weight.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Central Sympathetic Nerve Activation-Mediated Hypertension: Target Mechanisms and Multimodal Interventions-From Basic Research to Clinical Translation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Combined association of birth weight and current overweight/obesity with cardiometabolic risk factor clustering in Chinese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications of glucocorticoids in glucose and lipid metabolism.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Significance of Insulin Resistance in Offspring With Intrauterine Growth Restriction Mediated by Hepatic GR/miR-1224 Programming.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Impact of corticoid receptors on Alzheimer's disease: a neuroendocrine perspective.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for postnatal cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric disorders. In most IUGR models, placental dysfunction that causes reduced 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11βHSD2) activity, which degrades glucocorticoids (GCs) in the placenta, resulting in fetal GC overexposure. This overexposure to GCs continues to affect not only intrauterine fetal development itself, but also the metabolic status and neural activity in adulthood through epigenetic changes such as microRNA change, histone modification, and DNA methylation. We have shown that the IUGR model induced DNA hypomethylation in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the brain, which in turn activates sympathetic activities, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), contributing to the development of salt-sensitive hypertension. Even in adulthood, strong stress and/or exogenous steroids have been shown to induce epigenetic changes in the brain. Furthermore, DNA hypomethylation in the PVN is also observed in other hypertensive rat models, which suggests that it contributes significantly to the origins of elevated blood pressure. These findings suggest that if we can alter epigenetic changes in the brain, we can treat or prevent hypertension.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.