ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2024
The Gut-Kidney Axis in Chronic Kidney Diseases.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Gut Microbiome in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 4 and 5: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Gut Microbiome Modulation on Uremic Toxin Reduction in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with Kawasaki disease: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Tubulointerstitial inflammation in glomerular diseases: mechanistic pathways, prognostic value, and translational therapeutic targets.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut-kidney axis to improve kidney transplantation prognosis: from mechanisms to clinical intervention strategies.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Gut‑liver‑kidney axis: A systems biology framework for understanding and treating chronic kidney disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The gut-kidney axis in pediatric acute kidney injury: a review of pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic frontiers.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- Fruits, Vegetables, and Legumes: Harnessing the Gut-Kidney Axis in Hypertensive Chronic Kidney Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Obesity-Related Kidney Disease: From Adipose Depot Biology to the Chymase-Aldosterone and Ghrelin-Leptin Axes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- The effect of dietary fiber based on fermentability and viscosity on the gut microbiome composition in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review of experimental and clinical trials.Research square · 2026Article
- Clinical Features and 1-Year Prognosis of Patients with Suspected Sepsis and Positive Blood Cultures in the Emergency Department: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Targeting Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Characterization of Spent Coffee Grounds' Polyphenol Fraction and Its Potential as a Low-Cost Tool for Bioactivity-Guided Nephroprotective Modulation of Gut-Kidney Axis and NF-κB/Nrf2/TGF-β Signaling in Hypertension-Associated Kidney Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Kidney-Brain Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Uremic Toxins, Cognitive Decline, Mechanistic Pathways, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Review
- Zinc regulates the balance of specific gut microbiota through MTF1/Nrf2 and mitigates ferroptosis through activation of PINK1/Parkin/mitophagy via the gut-kidney axis in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in pregnant mice.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- Mechanisms Linking Recurrent Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections to Chronic Kidney Disease Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut‒kidney axis for lupus nephritis treatment: multimechanism regulatory strategies and evidence from Traditional Chinese medicine.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The gut-kidney axis represents the complex interactions between the gut microbiota and kidney, which significantly impact the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and overall patient health. In CKD patients, imbalances in the gut microbiota promote the production of uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate, which impair renal function and contribute to systemic inflammation. Mechanisms like endotoxemia, immune activation and oxidative stress worsen renal damage by activating pro-inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Insights into these mechanisms highlight the impact of gut-derived metabolites, bacterial translocation, and immune response changes on kidney health, suggesting new potential approaches for CKD treatment. Clinical applications, such as dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, are promising in adjusting the gut microbiota to alleviate CKD symptoms and slow disease progression. Current research highlights the clinical relevance of the gut-kidney axis, but further study is essential to clarify these mechanisms' diagnostic biomarkers and optimize therapeutic interventions. This review emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to CKD management, focusing on the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target to limit kidney injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.