ReviewPolymers2024
The Paradoxical Immunomodulatory Effects of Chitosan in Biomedicine.
Review in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biocompatible Germanium-Enriched Nanocomposite Coatings on Titanium Designed Toward Preventing Early Inflammation and Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Bioadhesive Hydrogels for Tissue Repair: Design Strategies, Adhesion Mechanisms, and Emerging Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Challenges and prospects of polymeric biomaterials in immune engineering: A review.Journal of biomaterials applications · 2026Review
- Control of immunogenic responses of microorganism-synthesized biopolymers for 3D bioprinting tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- From Cell Walls to Food Products: Health Benefits, Functional Properties and Future Challenges of Yeast β-Glucans.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunomodulatory Strategies for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Investigating silver- and gold-functionalized electrospun PHBV fibers as dual-action antimicrobial and immunomodulatory biomaterials.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Recent advances and challenges in hydrogel-based delivery of immunomodulatory strategies for diabetic wound healing.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Photocrosslinkable Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt-Based Ternary Hydrogel with Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 for Diabetic Wound Healing.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- Multiplexing 3D Natural Scaffolds to Optimize the Repair and Regeneration of Chronic Diabetic Wounds.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chitosan is widely explored in the field of biomedicine due to its abundance and reported properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, mucoadhesion, and anti-microbial activity. Although our understanding of the immune response to chitosan has evolved, confusion remains regarding whether chitosan is a pro- or anti-inflammatory biomaterial. Tackling this knowledge gap is essential for the translation of chitosan-based biomaterials to clinical use. Herein, we provide an overview of the immune responses to chitosan, exploring the roles of endotoxin contamination and physiochemical properties in immunomodulation. Ultimately, this literature review concludes that various physiochemical properties, including molecular weight, degree of deacetylation and polydispersity, endotoxin contamination, and cellular environment, interplay in the complex process of chitosan immunomodulation, which can lead to both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.