Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39794735›Full record

SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2025

Prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species and their multidrug resistance patterns among pediatric populations in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mihret Tilahun, Melaku Ashagrie Belete, Alemu Gedefie, Habtu Debash, Ermiyas Alemayehu, Daniel Gebretsadik Weldehana, Hussein Ebrahim, Ousman Mohammed, Bruktawit Eshetu, Saba Gebremichael Tekele and 2 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Multidrug-ResistantPolish journal of microbiology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mihret TilahunDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia. tilahunmihret21@gmail.com.
Melaku Ashagrie BeleteDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Alemu GedefieDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Habtu DebashDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Ermiyas AlemayehuDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Daniel Gebretsadik WeldehanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Hussein EbrahimDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Ousman MohammedDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Bruktawit EshetuDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Saba Gebremichael TekeleDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Zewudu MulatieDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.
Agumas ShibabawDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, P.O. Box: 1145, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSalmonella and Shigella are major enteric pathogens that cause diarrhea in children worldwide. They are pathogenic microbes that cause significant diarrheal morbidity and mortality in under five children in resource limited countries. Thus, this systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species and their multidrug resistance patterns in pediatric populations in Ethiopia.

methodsThe articles were searched extensively in the electronic databases and grey literature using entry terms or phrases. Studies meeting the eligibility criteria were extracted in MS Excel and exported for statistical analysis into STATA version 14 software. The overall pooled prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species was computed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I

resultOf a total of 742 identified studies, 89 studies were eligible for full-text analysis. Of 89 studies, 21 were included for meta-analysis involving 5318 study participants. These eligible studies reported a total of 593 bacterial isolates. The overall pooled prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among pediatrics in Ethiopia was 10.70% (95% CI: 8.96-12.45), with substantial heterogeneity (I

conclusionThe pooled prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella and their multidrug resistance were alarmingly high in pediatric. The initial empirical treatment of pediatrics patients remains challenging and results high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, appropriate infection prevention and control strategies should be implemented and treatment should be directed based on antimicrobial stewardship protocols.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialDysentery, BacillarySalmonellaSalmonella InfectionsShigellaAnti-Bacterial AgentsChildChild, PreschoolDiarrheaEthiopiaHumansInfantPrevalenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsEthiopiaMultidrug resistancePooled prevalenceSalmonellaShigellaSystematic review and meta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID39794735
PMCPMC11721556

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.