Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39794449›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2025

In silico characterization of defense system hotspots in Acinetobacter spp.

Wenjing Yi, Ning Zhu, Zhihan Peng, Xiao Chu, Haotian Sun, Lei Song, Zhimin Guo, Arnab Pain, Zhaoqing Luo, Qingtian Guan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Genomic landscape of 340 virulent Acinetobacter bacteriophages reveals anti-CRISPR-enriched candidates for therapeutic prioritization.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  6. Genomic islands inNAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wenjing YiBioinformatics Laboratory, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Ning ZhuBioinformatics Laboratory, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Zhihan PengDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xiao ChuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Haotian SunDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Lei SongDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-065X
Zhimin GuoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Arnab PainPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-2819
Zhaoqing LuoDepartment of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-6621
Qingtian GuanBioinformatics Laboratory, Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. qingtian_guan@jlu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5903-1774

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The bacteria-phage arm race drives the evolution of diverse bacterial defenses. This study identifies and characterizes the defense hotspots in Acinetobacter baumannii using a reference-free approach. Among 4383 high-quality genomes, we found a total of 17,430 phage defense systems and with 54.54% concentrated in 21 hotspots. These hotspots exhibit distinct preferences for different defense systems, and co-occurrence patterns suggest synergistic interactions. Additionally, the mobile genetic elements are abundant around these hotspots, likely facilitating horizontal transfer and evolution of defense systems. The number of hotspots increases in species phylogenetically closer to Acinetobacter baumannii, but the number of defense systems per hotspot varies due to particular selective pressures. These findings provide critical insights into the genetic organization of phage defense systems, contributing to a broader understanding of bacterial immunity and the evolutionary dynamics that shape Acinetobacter genomes. This knowledge lays the foundation for developing targeted interventions  to combat antibiotic resistance Acinetobacter baumannii.

Indexed as

AcinetobacterAcinetobacter baumanniiBacteriophagesGenome, BacterialAcinetobacter InfectionsComputer SimulationEvolution, MolecularPhylogeny

Identifiers

PMID39794449
PMCPMC11723918

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.