Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39793058›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

A detailed spatiotemporal atlas of the white matter tracts for the fetal brain.

Camilo Calixto, Matheus Dorigatti Soldatelli, Camilo Jaimes, Lana Pierotich, Simon K Warfield, Ali Gholipour, Davood Karimi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  6. The Fronto-Temporal Cortex Has Increased Subcortical Connectivity In Utero and Plasticity in Adulthood.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
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  7. Review
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  16. Article
  17. White matter tract crossing and bottleneck regions in the fetal brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  18. Diffusion MRI with Machine Learning.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Camilo CalixtoComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0001-5500-9721
Matheus Dorigatti SoldatelliComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0002-1544-4398
Camilo JaimesHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Lana PierotichComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Simon K WarfieldComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0002-7659-3880
Ali GholipourComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0001-7699-4564
Davood KarimiComputational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.

Funding

Genetic Analysis and Manipulation Core (GAEC)P50HD105351 · NICHD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Hisashi Umemori · 2021 to 2026
$9.4M
Enhanced Imaging of the Fetal Brain MicrostructureR01EB032366 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI GHOLIPOUR-BABOLI, ALI · 2022 to 2025
$2.0M
Acquisition of a Siemens 3T MRI for Research ImagingS10OD025111 · OD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WARFIELD, SIMON K · 2018 to 2018
$2.0M
Enabling the Assessment of Fetal Brain Development and Degeneration with Machine LearningR01NS128281 · NINDS · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Davood Karimi · 2023 to 2026
$1.8M
Advancing Microstructural and Vascular Neuroimaging in Perinatal StrokeR01NS106030 · NINDS · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WARFIELD, SIMON K · 2019 to 2023
$1.7M
Motion-robust super-resolution diffusion weighted MRI of early brain developmentR01EB018988 · NIBIB · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI GHOLIPOUR-BABOLI, ALI · 2014 to 2017
$1.6M
Improved Quantitative Assessment of the Fetal Brain from 3D Volumetric MRIR01EB013248 · NIBIB · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WARFIELD, SIMON K · 2012 to 2015
$1.5M
Accurate, reliable, and interpretable machine learning for assessment of neonatal and pediatric brain micro-structureR01HD110772 · NICHD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Davood Karimi · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
Machine learning algorithms to analyze large medical image datasetsR01LM013608 · NLM · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WARFIELD, SIMON K · 2021 to 2024
$1.5M
American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) SchoolarshipHHS | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) R01EB018988 R01 EB032366HHS | NIH | NIH Office of the Director (OD) S10 OD0250111NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB013248NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB018988NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB032366NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD105351NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD110772NIH HHS S10 OD025111NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS106030NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS128281NLM NIH HHS R01 LM013608Office of Faculty Development at Boston Children's Hospital Career Development AwardRosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital Support
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study presents the construction of a comprehensive spatiotemporal atlas of white matter tracts in the fetal brain for every gestational week between 23 and 36 wk using diffusion MRI (dMRI). Our research leverages data collected from fetal MRI scans, capturing the dynamic changes in the brain's architecture and microstructure during this critical period. The atlas includes 60 distinct white matter tracts, including commissural, projection, and association fibers. We employed advanced fetal dMRI processing techniques and tractography to map and characterize the developmental trajectories of these tracts. Our findings reveal that the development of these tracts is characterized by complex patterns of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), coinciding with the intensity of histogenic processes such as axonal growth, involution of the radial-glial scaffolding, and synaptic pruning. This atlas can serve as a useful resource for neuroscience research and clinical practice, improving our understanding of the fetal brain and potentially aiding in the early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders. By detailing the normal progression of white matter tract development, the atlas can be used as a benchmark for identifying deviations that may indicate neurological anomalies or predispositions to disorders.

Indexed as

BrainFetusWhite MatterAnisotropyDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingDiffusion Tensor ImagingFemaleGestational AgeHumansPregnancydiffusion MRIfetal brain developmentspatiotemporal atlaswhite matter tracts

Identifiers

PMID39793058
PMCPMC11725871

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.