Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39793023›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2025

Community-Based 4-Level Intervention Targeting Depression and Suicidal Behavior in Europe: Protocol for an Implementation Project.

Katharina Schnitzspahn, Kahar Abdulla, Ella Arensman, Chantal Van Audenhove, Rainer Mere, Victor Pérez Sola, Merike Sisask, András Székely, Piotr Toczyski, Ulrich Hegerl

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Katharina SchnitzspahnEuropean Alliance Against Depression e.V., Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6539-8185
Kahar AbdullaEuropean Alliance Against Depression e.V., Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0009-0005-9387-5598
Ella ArensmanUniversity College Cork, National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-0376-1203
Chantal Van AudenhoveLUCAS-Centre for Care Research and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5504-5439
Rainer MereEstonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia.ORCID 0009-0003-5058-0920
Victor Pérez SolaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5825-2337
Merike SisaskEstonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia.ORCID 0000-0001-6821-6367
András SzékelyVégeken Egészséglélektani Alapítvány, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0001-8728-1420
Piotr ToczyskiMaria Grzegorzewska University, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1218-5623
Ulrich HegerlEuropean Alliance Against Depression e.V., Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3039-7470

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe community-based, 4-level intervention of the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD) is simultaneously addressing depression and suicidal behavior. Intervention activities target primary care health professionals (level 1), the general public (level 2), community facilitators (level 3), and patients and their relatives (level 4). Activities comprise the digital iFightDepression tool, a guided self-management tool based on cognitive behavioral therapy.

objectiveThis study aimed to present the European Union-cofunded EAAD-Best study protocol, aiming at the implementation, dissemination, and evaluation of the 4-level intervention and the iFightDepression tool in several countries across Europe.

methodsThe 4-level intervention has been implemented for the first time in Bulgaria, Estonia, Greece, and Poland. In 3 countries that have already implemented the 4-level intervention (Hungary, Ireland, and Spain), activities have been extended to new regions. In addition, the nationwide uptake of the iFightDepression tool by patients with depression has been promoted in all mentioned countries and Italy.

resultsTo evaluate the implementation of the 4-level intervention and the iFightDepression tool, data related to the process, output, and outcome were collected between 2022 and 2024. Data processing and analyses started in 2023. Analyses are expected to be completed in 2024. Results are expected to be published in 2025.

conclusionsThis paper informs researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders on how to implement best practices in mental health promotion and evaluate their effectiveness. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/64218.

Indexed as

DepressionCognitive Behavioral TherapyCommunity Mental Health ServicesEuropeHumansPrimary Health CareSuicidal IdeationSuicide Prevention4-level community-based interventioncognitive behavioral therapydepressionEAADEuropean Alliance Against DepressioniFightDepressionmental healthmHealthsuicide

Identifiers

PMID39793023
PMCPMC11759909

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.