ArticlePloS one2025
Anatomical variations in Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus) (Carnivora: Canidae) of the salivary glands: A histological and histochemical investigation.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Morphology and Glycan Composition of the Mandibular Glands in the White-Eared Opossum (Didelphis albiventris).Journal of morphology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study involved a gross anatomical description of the parotid gland, mandibular gland, monostomatic sublingual gland, polystomatic sublingual gland, and zygomatic gland in 12 adult Eurasian wolves (Canis lupus lupus) (wild free-ranging individuals and their zoo counterparts), including their morphometry and microscopic evaluation using hematoxylin & eosin, mucicarmine, azan trichrome, PAS, AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5; AB pH 2.5/PAS, and HDI stainings. Topographically, the salivary glands were located similarly to those of other terrestrial Carnivora. The parotid gland in all wolves had a shape similar to a trapezoid (four angles). The parotid duct opened onto the fourth upper premolar (P4). The parotid gland was a branched alveolar complex that produced serous secretion. In captive specimens, the mandibular gland was a complex branched tubular gland producing mucous secretion, while in free-ranging wolves it was a branched tubuloalveolar gland producing mucoserous secretion. The monostomatic sublingual gland in free-ranging wolves was a complex branched tubuloalveolar gland that produced seromucous secretion, while in captive wolves, it revealed a mucoserous secretion character. The polystomatic sublingual gland consisted of several independent packets (from 6-7 to 7-8) and was a complex branched tubuloalveolar gland with seromucous secretion. The zygomatic duct opened onto the last upper molar tooth (M3), and this gland was a complex branched tubular gland producing mucous secretion. The anatomical and histological similarities between the salivary glands of the oral cavity in captive and free-ranging wolves, compared to other terrestrial carnivores, provide valuable insights for veterinary treatments and understanding pathological conditions. These findings emphasize the need for further research on diverse populations of wolves and related species within the Canidae family to better understand the influence of diet on salivary gland morphology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.