ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Unraveling the Causal Relationship Between Non-Communicable Diseases, Obesity, and Health Expenditure: Insights from the Toda-Yamamoto Approach.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- How environmental health burdens shape physical activity patterns: age-specific evidence from OECD countries.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Effects of New Zealand blackcurrant extract supplementation on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers following high-intensity training in elite taekwondo athletes: a randomized, double-blind trial.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Barriers to youth physical activity in urban green spaces: evidence from a Turkish city.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Psychometric validation of the Turkish version of the short nutrition literacy scale and its association with intuitive eating and body appreciation in young adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Food inflation, nutrition behavior, food insecurity, and anxiety: a Bayesian network analysis among Turkish adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Assessing healthcare efficiency and determinants in China: the perspective of provincial-level social health expenditure.BMC health services research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesUnderstanding the relationship between non-communicable diseases (NCDs), obesity, and health expenditure is crucial for developing effective public health policies, particularly in light of the rising global burden of NCDs and obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between NCDs, obesity, and health expenditure in Turkiye.
methodsData were collected from the World Health Organization and Our World in Data. Time series econometric analysis was performed using the Toda-Yamamoto causality approach. A model was designed to regularly capture causal relationships to ensure robust and consistent findings.
resultsThe analysis revealed four significant results. First, a causal relationship was observed between obesity and the prevalence of NCDs, indicating that higher obesity rates lead to an increase in NCDs within the population. Second, obesity had a direct impact on health expenditures, as rising obesity levels drove up healthcare costs. Third, the burden of NCDs contributed to increased health expenditure. Finally, the combined effect of obesity and NCDs on health expenditure was statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
conclusionsThese results highlight the need for policymakers to develop more effective strategies to address both obesity and NCDs. Recommended policies include the implementation of public health programs aimed at preventing obesity, strengthening early diagnosis and treatment methods, and increasing awareness campaigns focused on NCDs. These measures would be crucial steps in improving public health and controlling healthcare expenditures.
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